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Science and Technology Indicators  
for the European Research Area   
(STI-ERA)  
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Technology balance of payments receipts as % of GDP

Country

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

 

Belgium

1.60

1.84

1.98

2.18

2.47

Denmark

na

na

na

na

na

Germany

0.45

0.59

0.62

0.60

0.70

Greece

na

na

na

na

na

Spain

0.01

0.03

0.03

na

na

France

0.15

0.15

0.18

0.19

na

Ireland

na

na

na

na

na

Italy

0.10

0.14

0.09

0.11

0.11

Luxembourg

na

na

na

na

na

Netherlands

0.90

0.97

1.12

1.24

1.28

Austria

0.93

0.95

1.12

1.09

1.29

Portugal

0.19

0.25

0.25

0.27

0.27

Finland

0.05

0.08

0.08

na

na

Sweden

na

na

na

na

na

UK

0.32

0.44

0.43

0.45

0.37

EU-15(1)

na

na

na

na

na

US

0.42

0.40

0.41

0.39

na

Japan

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.19

0.21

Notes:
(1) EU average cannot be calculated for TBP.
na = Not Available
Data in italics are estimated or provisional
Source of data: Benchmarking of national research policies. Methodology and analyses: Key Figures 2001. Updates: Key Figures 2002





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