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Specific research and technological development programme (EEC) in the fields of raw materials and recycling - Recycling of waste -, 1990-1992

 
Part of the 1990-1992 specific RTD programme in the fields of raw materials and recycling, REWARD continues the work on recycling carried out in the 1986-1989 research programme on materials. It is implemented in liaison with the environmental protection programme STEP, which contains a section on treatment and disposal of toxic and dangerous waste, with the non-nuclear energies programme JOULE, and with DG XVII's energy demonstration programme.
To increase recycling and utilization of industrial and urban waste, minimize the adverse environmental impact of waste disposal, and conserve raw materials and energy from mixed waste streams.
Three areas:

- Sampling, analysis and classification of waste; waste statistics:
. Household and urban waste;
. Industrial waste;
. Emissions and residues from waste processing;

- Recycling technologies:
. Separation and recovery;
. Upgrading and use of reclaimed products;
. Production of chemicals;
. Prevention of emissions from recycling processes;
. Upgrading of lignocellulosic waste (COST project 84);
. Composting;

- Energy production from waste:
. Production and combustion of refuse derived fuels (RDF);
. Pyrolysis and gasification.
The Commission is responsible for the implementation of the 1990-1994 raw materials and recycling programme, of which REWARD is a part. It is assisted by an advisory committee composed of the representatives of the Member States and chaired by a representative of the Commission.

The programme is implemented by means of research projects, concerted actions, coordination activities, education and training activities, and studies and assessments.

Research projects are the subject of shared-cost contracts, with Community financial participation not normally exceeding 50% of the total expenditure. However, this percentage may vary according to the nature and the stage of development of the research. Where universities and research institutes are involved, the Community may bear up to 100% of the marginal costs of a project. Contracts relating to shared-cost research projects must, as a general rule, be concluded following a selection procedure based on calls for proposals published in the Official Journal of the European Communities. Projects must, as a general rule, be carried out by participants from more than one Member State and include an industrial partner.

Concerted actions consist of action by the Community to coordinate the individual research activities carried out in the Member States. They may benefit from funding of up to 100% of coordinating expenditure.

For those parts of the programme relating to renewable raw materials, forestry and wood products (FOREST subprogramme) and to the recycling of waste (REWARD subprogramme), the Commission is authorized to negotiate agreements with international organizations, those non-Member States participating in European Cooperation in the field of scientific and technological research (COST), and those European countries having concluded framework agreements in scientific and technical cooperation with the Community, with a view to associating them wholly or partly with the programme.

No contracting party based outside the Community and participating as a partner in a project may benefit from the Community financing of the programme. Such contracting party must contribute to the general administrative expenses.

Under REWARD, no shared-cost contracts can be funded for research area 1 (sampling, analysis and classification of waste; waste statistics) and research area 3 (energy production from waste), which are implemented by coordination only. This also applies to research on lignocellulosic waste and composting in research area 2 (recycling technologies).

During the second year of implementation, the Commission shall review the raw materials and recycling programme and submit a report to the European Parliament and the Council. At the end of the programme an evaluation of the results achieved shall be conducted by a group of independent evaluators and submitted to these same bodies.