Objectif A great portion of organism genomes are composed of “junk” DNA that their cells must stop from transcribing. This “junk” DNA is composed of transposable elements (TEs), which will generate mutations if allowed to express. However, each cell does not need to determine de novo what regions of the genome are TEs, rather this information is passed down from a progenitor cell in a process termed epigenetic inheritance. In both plants and animals, epigenetic inheritance occurs across mitotic cell divisions and, at least in plants, it also occurs across meiotic divisions and fertilization. Plant gametophytes and embryo are the battleground for the evolutionary arms race between TE activity and host-cell suppression of TEs. The protection of the germ cells and the very young embryo of the progeny are key steps of genome integrity that require trans-generational epigenetic suppression of TEs. The conceptual base of this project is that TE derived siRNAs accumulating in the pollen sperm cells (SCs) are part of a trans-generational genome safeguard mechanism that protects TE expression and transposition in the SCs and after fertilization in the embryo. This project will specifically investigate:Aim 1)The movement of pollen TE easiRNAs to the SCs, embryo and the endosperm.Aim 2)The role of TE easiRNAs in initiation of a siRNA amplification step in the embryo.Aim 3)The role of TE easiRNAs in the protection of the embryo’s genome from the transposition of female active TEs in the endosperm or/and the embryo.Aim 4)The role of TE SC siRNAs in imprinted embryo gene regulation.In order to achieve these aims, this project will make use of several molecular and cellular biology techniques. This will enhance the knowledge of the transgenerational epigenetic regulation of plant genomes, and the results will impact the fields of epigenetics, RNA silencing, sRNA transport and others, and their applications in plant breeding and production and human healt. Champ scientifique natural sciencesbiological sciencesgeneticsDNAnatural sciencesbiological sciencesgeneticsRNAmedical and health sciencesclinical medicineembryologynatural sciencesbiological sciencesgeneticsgenomesnatural sciencesbiological sciencesgeneticsepigenetics Programme(s) FP7-PEOPLE - Specific programme "People" implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (2007 to 2013) Thème(s) FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF - Marie Curie Action: "International Outgoing Fellowships for Career Development" Appel à propositions FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IOF Voir d’autres projets de cet appel Régime de financement MC-IOF - International Outgoing Fellowships (IOF) Coordinateur SVERIGES LANTBRUKSUNIVERSITET Contribution de l’UE € 270 663,60 Adresse ALMAS ALLE 8 750 07 Uppsala Suède Voir sur la carte Région Östra Sverige Östra Mellansverige Uppsala län Type d’activité Higher or Secondary Education Establishments Contact administratif Claudia Köhler (Prof.) Liens Contacter l’organisation Opens in new window Site web Opens in new window Coût total Aucune donnée
