Obiettivo TO STUDY THE ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY CHANGES AND THE COMPOSITION OF THE PRE-INDUSTRIAL ATMOSPHERE IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE FROM APPROXIMATELY 800 AD TO PRESENT.A 300 m deep ice core was drilled at Summit (central Greenland) in order to study the atmospheric chemistry changes and the composition of the preindustrial atmosphere in the Northern Hemisphere over the last millennium and to investigate more specifically the changes in composition, chemical element concentrations and seasonal deposition patterns caused by anthropogenic activities.The results from the project involved the following:new analytical methods for ice stripes;determination of the isotopic temperature;determination of the lag between the age of the gas entrapped in the bubbles and that of the ice in which they are contained (210 y at Summit);confirmation of the carbon dioxide increase since the industrial revolution;observation of strong seasonal variations and a 50% increase in hydrogen peroxide levels over the last 200 years;linking concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the ice with the oxidation capacity of the atmosphere;observation of increased concentrations of nitrate sulphate ions (2 and 3 to 4 times higher respectively than the preindustrial levels);observation of strong seasonal variations (summer maxima) of methylsulfonate concentrations;determination of carboxylic acids in the ice at the parts per billion (ppb) level;observation of lack of increase in background ammonium level in relation to pollution;observation of increased hydrochloric acid concentrations by about 50% during the last decades (a similar trend is observed for fluoride);a study of carbonaceous aerosol at various depths;determination of trace metal concentrations at parts per thousand (ppt) levels;nitrogen isotope measurements in nitrate which indicate a significant difference between preindustrial (+12 to +18%) and present figure (0%) which are very similar to European rain values;detection of the most important volcanic eruptions of the Northern Hemisphere over the last 12 centuries by electroconductometric (ECM) measurements.THE PROJECT IS DIRECTED TO EXTRACT SEVERAL ICE CORES FROM A REMOTE SITE IN GREENLAND IN 1989 AND TO DETERMINE TRACE GASES, OTHER ELEMENTS AND VARIOUS OTHER PARAMETERS IN THESE CORES. IT IS IMPLEMENTED WITH THE CONTRIBUTIONS FROM 3 INSTITUTES: PROPOSAL 208, CNRS GRENOBLE, PROPOSAL 466, UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN AND A CONTRIBUTION FROM SWITZERLAND, UNIVERSITY OF BERN. THE PROJECT COMPRISES THE PREPARATION OF THE DRILLING OPERATIONS, EQUIPMENT DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION AND THE ANALYSES OF THE DEEP - FROZEN ICE-CORE; IT WILL PERMIT TO ESTABLISH A RECORD OF THE EVOLUTION OF ALL IMPORTANT TRACE GASES IN THE ATMOSPHERE DURING THE LAST 1200 YEARS AND HENCE SUPPLY ESSENTIAL DATA FOR THE WHOLE CLIMATOLOGY PROGRAMME. Campo scientifico natural scienceschemical sciencesorganic chemistryorganic acidsnatural scienceschemical scienceselectrochemistryelectrolysissocial sciencespolitical sciencespolitical transitionsrevolutionsnatural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesenvironmental sciencespollutionnatural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesatmospheric sciencesclimatology Programma(i) FP1-ENVPROT 4C - Multiannual research and development programmes (EEC) in the field of the environment - Protection of the environment -, 1986-1990 Argomento(i) Data not available Invito a presentare proposte Data not available Meccanismo di finanziamento CSC - Cost-sharing contracts Coordinatore CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE Contributo UE Nessun dato Indirizzo Rue Molière 54, Université de Grenoble 1 38402 SAINT-MARTIN-D'HERES Francia Mostra sulla mappa Costo totale Nessun dato Partecipanti (1) Classifica in ordine alfabetico Classifica per Contributo UE Espandi tutto Riduci tutto UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN Danimarca Contributo UE Nessun dato Indirizzo Noerregade 10 1017 KOEBENHAVN K/COPENHAEGEN Mostra sulla mappa Costo totale Nessun dato
