Obiettivo MODEL SYSTEM FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RATIONAL APPROACHES FOR PROTEIN ENGINEERING BY COMBINED GENETIC, STRUCTURAL AND MODELLING TECHNIQUES. THE ADVANTAGE OF BARNASE IS THAT IT IS SUFFICIENTLY SMALL TO BE READILY STUDIED BY N.M.R. AND X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY. IT CAN BE HOPED THAT A DETAILED STUDY OF THIS PROTEIN WILL LEAD TO THE ELUCIDATION OF RULES GOVERNING PROTEIN FOLDING. THE KNOWLEDGE OF THESE RULES IS A MAJOR BATTLENECK WHICH MAKES IMPOSSIBLE THE DESIGN OF NOVEL PROTEINS. Research was carried out in order to develop rational approaches for engineering modified protein using genetic engineering techniques. Sequence modifications were made in barnase (a small ribonuclease from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) to probe the catalytic mechanism in the ribonucleases about which appreciable controversy persists and to dissect the contributions from hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions to protein stability. Mutations were also used as reporter groups in kinetic studies of protein folding to provide information on the conformation of the transition state for unfolding. Crystallographic analysis was performed on the enzyme complex with a deoxydinucleotide inhibitor (dGpC). Molecular modelling was used to help interpret data on protein nucleic acid interactions and catalysis, and contributions of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions to protein stability were analysed by computer simulations. Interactions of barnase with its intracellular protein inhibitor, barstar, were studied via random mutagenesis of the barstar gene.Parameters of the enzyme catalyzed reaction were determined for short nucleotides and ribonucleic acid (RNA) substrates, and shown to be significantly different. Residues of barnase responsible for catalysis were established. The structure of the complex of barnase with a deoxydinucleotide inhibitor was solved. It shows an unproductive binding mode for the dinucleotide involving enzyme subsites that are different from the primary recognition site for guanine in related ribonucleases. Based on these results, molecular modelling was used to study the interaction of the enzyme with RNA analogues, and to rationalize the catalytic mechanism. Appreciable progress was made in understanding how hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions contribute to protein stability and on the physical origins of the observed effects. An arginine and a cysteine residue in barstar (respectively in positions 75 and 40) were both identified as participating in the barnase barstar interaction.1- CLONING OF THE BARNASE GENE BY USING SMALL DNA FRAGMENTS (ALLOWING REASSEMBLING MUTANT PROTEINS BY SUBSTITUTION OF THE SMALL FRAGMENTS) AND AN ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE PROMOTOR/LEADER SYSTEM. 2- KINETIC ANALYSIS TO STUDY THE BASIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE ENZYME AND ITS SUBSTRATE. 3- STUDY BY NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE AND RAPID REACTION KINETICS OF THE FOLDING OF THE PROTEIN. Campo scientifico natural sciencesbiological sciencesbiochemistrybiomoleculesnucleic acidsnatural sciencesbiological sciencesbiochemistrybiomoleculesproteinsprotein foldingnatural sciencesbiological sciencesgeneticsRNAnatural sciencesbiological sciencesbiochemistrybiomoleculesproteinsenzymesnatural sciencesmathematicsapplied mathematicsmathematical model Programma(i) FP1-BAP - Multiannual research action programme (EEC) in the field of biotechnology (BAP), 1985-1989 Argomento(i) Data not available Invito a presentare proposte Data not available Meccanismo di finanziamento CSC - Cost-sharing contracts Coordinatore University of Cambridge Contributo UE Nessun dato Indirizzo Lensfield Road CB2 1EW Cambridge Regno Unito Mostra sulla mappa Costo totale Nessun dato Partecipanti (3) Classifica in ordine alfabetico Classifica per Contributo UE Espandi tutto Riduci tutto PLANT GENETIC SYSTEMS NV Belgio Contributo UE Nessun dato Indirizzo GENT Mostra sulla mappa Costo totale Nessun dato ULB Belgio Contributo UE Nessun dato Indirizzo BRUXELLES Mostra sulla mappa Costo totale Nessun dato UNIVERSITE DE PARIS-SUD XI Francia Contributo UE Nessun dato Indirizzo RUE GEORGES CLEMENCEAU 15 91405 ORSAY Mostra sulla mappa Costo totale Nessun dato
