Cel Battery powered submarines are suffering from moderate energy densitiies of conventional battery systems and thus from limited range and endurance.The aim of this project was to considerably increase the energy storage capacity of power sources for autonomous work and research submarines and other subsea installations requiring electrical, mechanical and/or thermal energy to sustain operation.A complementary aim of the project was to study smaller, low cost closed cycle diesel systems to be used, for example, for auxiliary power plants of larrger submarines or as stand alone energy sources for smaller vehicles operating in moderate water depths.The experimental submarine incorporating the engine compartment with closed cycle Argon Diesel was thoroughly tested in three stages : workshop tests, shallow water trials and sea trialsm all supervised by the Germanischer Lloyd. All systems proved to be functional and reliable. The Argon Diesel plant has an exceptional high safety standard.Fuelling the sub with liquified oxygen and chemicals was carried out repeatedly without any problems. The envisaged improvement figures in energy storage density compared to conventional batteries were met. Further improvements with regard to more economical chemical consumption are nevertheless desirable.The Argon CCD-plant with the ambient during operation. Therefore, there is an equilibrum achieved with regard to the weight balance; only the trim of the sub has to be taken care of. The power requirement for auxiliary equipment, pumps etc. . is depth independent as well. Transition from open to closed circuit operation and vice versa is easily possible after a short stop of the engine. Starting of the engine when the submarine is submerged can be achieved as well.The LOX tank installed has a very low self-evaporation rate. Pressure built-up from 1 bar until opening of the relief valves takes several weeks.The experimental submarine in total proved to be outstandingly handly and manoevrable in all modes of operation, Due to the degree of automatization and the remote operation of all technical installations a crew of four proved to be sufficient to operate the submarine in two shifts.The experimental submarine SEASHORE-KD is the ever first one operating on an absolutely closed cycle diesel engine principle.The 20 kW closed cycle CO2-Diesel developed by Bruker worked very satisfactorily as well. As expected, the closed cycle efficiency was inferior to the operation in open circuit mode or the Argon Diesel.Consequently, the oxygen consumption per kWh is higher than with the latter. Furthermore, a small part of the oxygen is lost by dumping some of the exhaust gas over board.A part of the engine's power output is needed to drive the exhaust gas compressor. The power required increases with the operating depth of the submarine or power supply unit.At a closer look, the CO2-plant proved to be astonishingly favourable: The compressor input rises underproportionql with the depth. The Argon (and all other CCD-variations) also require some power to drive auxiliary equipment.The most important factor in favour of the Bruker CO2-pldiesel is the almost complete absence of scrubbing installations, related machinery and agent storage facilities. With regard to the net energy storage density this largely overcompensates the increased fuel and oxygen consumption. In fact, the energy storage density in kWh/kg is about twice compared to the Argon Diesel at the present state. Furthermore, the operating costs of the CO2-Diesel per kWh are considerably inferior to the other alternatives.The aim was to be achieved by integration of a closed cycle argon diesel engine, developed by MAN Technologie GmbH, Munich, into an engine room section ad in the second stage into a complete operational 50 to Autonomous Inspection/Experimental Submarine developed by Bruker Meerestechnik GmbH. The function and reliability of the engine plant and its contrlos was to be proven in a series of relastic dry and wet tests including sea trials with the complete experimental submarine.The construction of the engine room section of the submarine mentioned included the Argon Diesel engine with electric motor /generator and hydraulic pumping aggregate, rotary scrubber, heat exchangers, auxiliary equipment, chemical storage installations and liquified oxygen plant. Furthermore, the section was to be fitted out with the fuel system, parts of the ballast, trim and drainpump systems and the related electrical installations and switchboard, all within the responsability of Bruker Meerestechnik GmbH.The subsystems supplied by MAN included the diesel engine, tupe D2566, rating 100 KW at 1500 rpm, the scrubber, the heat exchangers, part of the gas circuit pipe work, auxiliary pumps, sensors and controls and the microcomputer to survey the diesel engine plant.Since the bench tests with the CC-Argon Diesel plant carried out by MAN at Munich proved to be promising, it was decided to extend the project and to built a complete, fully operational Experimental Submarine around the engine compartment in order to prove the functioning under at sea conditions. This extension was not part of the EEC-project.For safety reasons, the submarine was fitted out with a lead acid battery installed in the forward section, consisting of newly developed maintenance free gel type cells, providing a nominal energy of 200 KWh. When the CCD-plant has been cut off, the battery delivers sufficient energy for 5 hrs submerged operation.Energy transmission to the propulsion aggregates (main thruster,side and vertical thruster) and other equipment is performed hydrostatically.Compared to other CCD alternatives the Argon diesel uses a mixture of Argon and Oxygne as process gas to improve the engine's efficiency.In addition to the Experimental Submarine with Argon Diesel, Bruker Meerestechnik GmbH developed and built a 20 KW CO2-Diesel plant, improved it stepwise and tested it in a test bench arrangement. Oxygen was supplied from an H. P. gas bank. The exhaust gas was cooled down by water injection and furthermore in a heat exchanger to condensate the water. The gas was heated again and oxygen was added. Excess exhaust gas was pumped into a pressure vessel simulating various ambient pressures. Program(-y) ENG-HYDROCARB 1C - Programme (EEC) of Community projects in the hydrocarbons sector, 1973-1985 Temat(-y) 1.3 - ENERGY SOURCES Zaproszenie do składania wniosków Data not available System finansowania DEM - Demonstration contracts Koordynator BRUKER MEERESTECHNIK GMBH Wkład UE Brak danych Adres 7500 KARLSRUHE Niemcy Zobacz na mapie Koszt całkowity Brak danych
