SPACE AND WATER HEATING IN 480 RESIDENTIAL DWELLINGS USING AIR SOLAR COLLECTORS AND PASSIVE SYSTEMS

Ziel

Whilst most of Southern Europe benefits from long hours of sunshine a surprisingly by high number of buildings are designed and built without consideration of the potential of solar energy for DHW and space heating. The aim of this project is to show how energy conscious design impacts upon the construction of 17 different low cost apartment blocks and demonstrate the advantages of passive solar design and integrated solar air collectors. Expected savings are 60 % in comparison with apartments not incorporating energy conscious design.
Following the first year's monitoring preliminary results have been obtained which indicate the most economic solar energy conversion technologies used in the project. Conclusions presented here will be checked during 1987 as during the initial period problems found with the ventilation and data aquisition equipment clearly influenced results in some cases.
Of the 17 buildings, results are available from 13. Of these active systems used for space and water heating in 3 buildings appear to be cost effective. (cost of energy saved being less than 600 LIT/m3 methane). Passive systems are economic in 4 buildings. These results are encouraging when we consider the prototype nature of the buildings. If an energy cost of 750 LIT/m3 is taken then the active and passive systems are cost effective in 7 buildings. Following changes in operating schedules and subsequent optimisation of each buidings system, the results of this project should be impressive.
The most economic configuration wasfound in a five storey apartment block in ARONA. The block faces due south with conservatories on the south facing facade, insolation is 30% more than regulation (legge 373) and uses active air collectors for space heating and for dhW. Ratio of conservatories to active collectors -370-82m2. Extra cost for each of the 24 flats-6.2 MLIT.
The least economic solar configuration found a 7 storey apartment block housing 42 flats has a ratio of 340-420 m2 conservatories to active collectors. Extra cost for each flat is 12.5 MLIT.
For many years, the gradual increase in pressure on the housing market in Turin has led to an increase in the development of satellite towns around it. This project is part of a very large development, of relatively low cost housing on 17 different sites, costing in total 31 milliard of lire.
The importance of this project is the demonstration of different types of passive and active solar design that can be incorporated into low cost housing significantly reducing fuel bills without leading to unacceptably high overcosts. The work on this project was to explore the design interface between active and passive components on the one hand and auxiliary heating systems on the other, in the context of multi-storey buildings. The various designs adopted include:
a) solar air collectors to heat air for apartment space heating and also to induce ventilation when heating is not required;
b) use similar air collectors to heat air which is in turn used to warm water. This water is subsequently passed through low temperature radiator systems for space heating; or
c) used for DHW production in the Summer;
d) the creation of sunspaces or greenhouses on balconies and loggias which during the Summer months can be opened thereby avoiding overheating;
e) the use of mass walls.
Each different component and combination of components are being evaluated to show the most suitable for different types of apartment block.
The 17 different blocks which are part of this project vary in design from 3 floor condominiums housing 6 apartments to blocks of more than 15 floors housing over 50 apartments.
It is expected that savings will be obtained thus:
insulation saving up to 30%
passive systems accounting for 10 - 15%
active systems supplying 25%
100% coverage for Summer DHW.
On average apartments have 15 m2 of passive elements and 10 m2 of active collectors.

Programm/Programme

ENG-ENALT 1C - Programme (EEC) of financial support for projects to exploit alternative energy sources, 1979-1984

Thema/Themen

3.1 - THERMAL

Aufforderung zur Vorschlagseinreichung

Data not available

Finanzierungsplan

DEM - Demonstration contracts

Koordinator

Unione Piemontese

EU-Beitrag

Keine Daten

Adresse

Via Christoforo Colombo 17
10129 Orino Torino
Italien

Gesamtkosten