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Molecular structure and cell cycle regulated assembly of the kinetochore

Project description

Architecture and function of cell division proteins

During eukaryotic cell division, faithful replication and segregation of the genetic material into daughter cells is a crucial step. Chromosomes align and bind to the microtubule-based spindle via their centromeres and a group of proteins known as kinetochores. Funded by the European Research Council, the MolStruKT project aims to investigate the native architecture of kinetochore complexes in budding yeast and human cells. To elucidate the structure and temporal control of kinetochore assembly, researchers will study protein interactions and phosphorylation changes. Understanding kinetochore structure and function will provide insights into chromosome segregation and related disorders like aneuploidy and tumorigenesis

Objective

Accurate chromosome segregation in eukaryotes requires the assembly of the macromolecular kinetochore complex at centromeres to attach chromosomes to the mitotic spindle. The kinetochore proteins are organized in stable subcomplexes that bind to dynamic microtubules and ensure fidelity of sister chromatid separation through feedback control. Characterizing the kinetochore structure will significantly advance our understanding of chromosome segregation and how defects in this process can lead to aneuploidy, which is associated with tumorigenesis. X-ray crystallography has provided detailed insights into the function of subcomplexes, however, a molecular analysis of the native kinetochore subunit architecture is still missing. I have recently combined chemical cross-linking with mass spectrometry (CXMS) which allows for the first time the topological analysis of native macromolecular protein structures by a comprehensive set of distance restraints. Applying this approach to kinetochores assembled on budding yeast minichromosomes I aim to elucidate the architecture of the native centromere-assembled kinetochore complex and analyze how tension sensing by the chromosomal passenger complex is integrated into the structure. Secondly, the systematic analyses of changes in phosphorylation levels and in protein stoichiometries of soluble and nucleosome-associated human kinetochore complexes will reveal how the tight temporal control of assembling a functional kinetochore in mitosis is achieved. Thirdly, I will investigate the architecture of the centromere-associated network of kinetochore proteins by CXMS to unveil its role in directing CENP-A replenishment at mitotic exit in order to maintain centromere identity through generations. The analysis of the native kinetochore structure in different functional states will provide fundamental mechanistic insights and help us to understand how this architecture confers fidelity to centromere propagation and chromosome segregation.

Coordinator

LUDWIG-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN
Net EU contribution
€ 1 499 932,00
Address
Geschwister scholl platz 1
80539 Muenchen
Germany

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Region
Bayern Oberbayern München, Kreisfreie Stadt
Activity type
Higher or Secondary Education Establishments
Links
Total cost
€ 1 499 932,00

Beneficiaries (1)