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DUMY MODELLING FOR CAR CRASH SIMULATION

Objective


Oriented to automotive passive safety investigations, two Finite Element models of crash test dummies and three material models for foams and rubbers, suitable for implementation into explicit codes, have been developed. The dummy models represent the Hybrid-III dummy for frontal crash and Eurosid-1 dummy for side impact, which both shall be ordered in the next future by European safety regulations related to these kind of impact. The dummy models have been modelled on the basis of physical current version of real dummies and successively have been subjected to three levels of validation in order to furnish final numerical tools suitable for exploitation in the crash simulation field. The models have been firstly checked at certification level test, by applying on the several body segments of the dummies the same legislative requirements active for real crash dummies. Secondly they have been subjected to a cycle of component tests where most of their corporeal sub-parts have been physically loaded and correspondently tested by means of numerical simulations, with respect to typical conditions occurring in crash events. The last validation level has been focused to the reproduction of real sled tests for frontal impact (concerned to Hybrid-III) and specific side impact tests with rigid and deformable plates (for Eurosid-1 dummy). The validation criteria have covered both kinematical and biomechanical performances of the dummy finite element models; the kinematical output was looking at dummy displacements, to be compared with the correspondent occurred in real tests, and to be marked by a numerical-experimental agreement showing 15% error limits; the biomechanical output was oriented to all the most significative "injury level indicators" estimated by real crash dummies (HIC-head inj. criterion, VC- viscous crit., accelerations and forces acting on several body parts etc.) showing an error limit of 30%.

The developed material models, three for foam-like materials and two for rubbers, have been devoted to the obtainment of satisfactory numerical models for non-metallic materials, and have been validated on the basis of a considerable set of experimental tests covering a large range of loading conditions and strain rate values. The validation criterion has been guided by the requirement (fulfilled) of showing a 15% error limit between a single real tests case and the correspondent simulation performed with a finite element technique.

Both the dummy models and the material laws have been produced in order to be implemented into RADIOSS crash explicit finite element code and to be introduced within automotive industrial design cycle and scientifical academical environments oriented to perform numerical simulation of highly dynamic and impact events.
This project is aimed at developing the surface of high quality coated paper and board to meet the requirements of non-impact print systems such as inkjet and laser which are subtly different from those of traditional print systems. These lower cost print systems can make top quality printed media available to groups and organisations which could not afford traditional methods. They also provides just-in-time printing resources for short run high turnover professional print applications. However, as well as improving paper quality and supply this project also tackles the question of disposal through recycling. The main research tasks are :

1. establishing performance boundaries with existing papers.
2. developing coating formulations specifically for non impact printing.
3. optimising the new formulations to suit existing production methods.
4. . assessing the recyclability of the printed papers and showing how the formulation changes can assist in this regard.

Successful completion will greatly assist the production of these papers in the EC.

Call for proposal

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Coordinator

Centro Ricerche Fiat ScpA
EU contribution
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Address
Strada Torino 50
10043 Orbassano
Italy

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Participants (7)