REALIZATION OF DIRECT SOLAR FLOORS UNDER VARIOUS CONFIGURATIONS AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

Ziel

The present project aims at promoting and disseminating an innovative solar heating technique in the EC : the Direct Solar Floor (DSF). Developed in the late seventies, this technique presents today significant improvements over previous ones as the first demonstration installations show. Nevertheless, it still lacks publicity and further references in order to be widely commercialized. The realization of 7 installations in various climatic and geographic conditions with different auxiliary energies contribute to the expansion of this very promising technique.
The present project shows that the technique of DSF is technically feasible for space heating and domestic hot water production in collective equipments. However, by comparing this type of collective heating system with the individual one, the first presents more serious and numerous difficulties than the second :
* it is necessary to convince a greater number of actors involved.
* the owner is not necessarily the occupant of the premises. In this case, the motivation of the occupants for the appropriate use of the systems is not always successful.
* the design of such projects is more complete, because the hydraulic systems are different from project to project.
* additional investment costs have to be considered : extra engineering works, data monitoring, solar collectors in several parts adapted according to the roof surfaces, additional equipment allowing a better valorization of collected solar energy (especially for the production of Domestic Hot Water in Summer).
* the economic results of the DSF are not very attractive, because the cost of substituted energy is low comparing with the individual systems. In contrary, maintenance costs of the solar system are proportionally more important in collective systems than in individual ones.
After the implementation of the project, the following recommendations have been formulated which are considered essential for the successfull operation of the Direct Solar Floor in collective equipments.
* It is necessary to reserve such installations to equipment where energy needs exists all over the year. The optimum use of solar energy must be the guideline in all designs.
* It is necessary to identify a responsible agent (i.e. maintenance company, technical service, etc,...) that will secure the good operation of the installation. The development of a system which guarantees the performance of DSF, similar to that used in collective Solar Domestic Hot Water production, is essential.
* The data monitoring equipmenthas to be foreseen and integrated in the system from the beginning, in order to reduce the installation cost.
* Intensive effort for public awareness and training of the technical staff and users involved is necessary.
* The owner should be informed in detail of the expected performance of the installation. It is necessary to explain that a maximum solar fraction is not the major objective, the optimum use of solar energy is more important.
* Design offices have to simplify as much as possible the installations; especially, the integration of auxiliary energy system in the heating floor should be made through the use of effective and flexible control devices.
* Considering of the financial of the DSF, a substantial financial support from public fonds is necessary to support the application of this new field of solar energy.
This project aims at the realization of several collective solar heating installations using the DSF technique. Only 7 of 8 initially anticipated installations have been realized during the duration of the project.
The projected installations differ in size, location and design. Nevertheless, they are all based on the same principle and thus, it is possible to produce an accurate picture of the project by describing a typical installation which includes the following elements :
- Roof-integrated flat solar collectors. These collectors are now made of high-quality materials (tempered glass for the cover, aluminium frames, selective film, copper or aluminium absorbing plates). Their life expectancy is 25 years. - A low temperature heating floor system, made by polyethylene pipes casted in a solid concrete slab. It is similar to any conventional heating floor, but it is thicker.
- Domestic Hot Water (DHW) tanks, with their heat exchangers.
- Some components which are required for thesystem operation and allowing a direct fluid circulation from the collectors to the floor. These are pumps, valves, expansion tanks, control device, etc...
- A system for auxiliary heating and auxiliary Domestic Hot Water production. It may use different energy sources (electricity, oil, gas, wood, coal) and different distribution systems (independent emitters, radiators, heating floor). The installations are implemented in various geographical conditions : Catalunya (Spain), Rhone-Alpes, Burgundy (France), Britany (France), Alsace (France) and for different kind of applications :
- a Reception Center : La Cardere in Frontenaud (Burgundy, France)
- an auberge : Mandrin Inn in Dullin (Rhone-Alpes-France)
- an Elderlies Housing Center in Villars de Lans (Rhone-Alpes-France)
- a day nursery : La Poterie in Rennes (Bretagne, France)
- 5 attached dwellings in Arres (Catalunya-Spain)
- a 7 housings building in Leymen (Haut-Rhin, France)
- a holiday center in Entremont Le Vieux (Savoie,France).
The project was divided into 5 different phases, which overlapped depending on the planning schedule of each installation :
Phase 1 : ENGINEERING (91-94)
- Detailed engineering studies and design of each installation, consultation of the implementation companies. - Construction supervision by the thermal engineering consultants.
Phase 2 : CONSTRUCTION (91-95)
- Construction of the installations
Phase 3 : TESTING (92-95)
- Mounting of the testing equipment
- Measurement campaign and data collection
- Analysis of data, results and subsequently reports editing.
Phase 4 : RESULTS DISSEMINATION (94-95)
- Realization of advertising media : articles, publication...
- Advertizing campaign through meetings, seminars, conferences with consultants, architects, potentially interested
landfords. Phase 5 : GENERAL COORDINATION OF THE PROJECT (91-95)

Programm/Programme

ENG-THERMIE 1 - Programme (EEC) for the promotion of energy technology in Europe (THERMIE), 1990-1994

Thema/Themen

6.2 - THERMAL

Aufforderung zur Vorschlagseinreichung

Data not available

Finanzierungsplan

DEM - Demonstration contracts

Koordinator

COMITE DE LIAISON ENERGIES RENOUVELABLES (CLER)

EU-Beitrag

Keine Daten

Adresse

RUE DE CRUSSOL 17
75011 Paris
Frankreich

Gesamtkosten