Obiettivo The long-term goal of ESCOBA is to investigate, quantify, model and eventually predict the behavior of the global carbon cycle in response to the perturbation by man and with respect to its interaction with the physical climate system on time scales of up to several hundred years. The specific objectives of ESCOBA-ocean are to better understand the oceanic processes affecting the observed north-south atmospheric concentration gradient and to assess the impact of the seasonal cycle on the uptake of CO2 by the ocean. Both a modelling approach and an experimental approach will be used. This will be achieved by further collection of data, detailed model validation, sensitivity studies, incorporation of processes that appear likely to be important regarding oceanic CO2 uptake and transport neglected in previous studies, and simplification of complex 1-D biogeochemical models and their parameter fields. In particular, the role of DOC (dissolved organic carbon) in the carbon cycle will be studied, to better understand the export production partition into particulate and dissolved organic matter (DOM), the time scales of DOM decay and the Redfield ratio of DOM. Based on time series measurements at a fixed station in the oligotrophic North Atlantic (ESTOC station) the magnitude and decay characteristics of the DOM (dissolved organic matter) pulse that is expected to be associated with the spring bloom will be established and the seasonal evolution of the Redfield ratio in isolates of DOM will be analyzed. Satellite measurements will be used to study the world ocean productivity to assess the world ocean primary production (and the carbon fixation) in conjunction with a light-photosynthesis model as well as the temporal evolution (month-by-month) and interhemispheric difference in oceanic carbon fixation and circulation within the phytoplanktonic compartment. The resulting carbon fixation values will be combined with the pCO2 evolution as measured at sea via diagnostic and prognostic approaches. An experimental part of this project aims at the direct determination of the seasonal cycle and yearly average of the air-sea CO2 flux in two oceanic regions, the Indian ocean and the tropical Pacific ocean. The data will provide boundary conditions on these ocean basins to the atmospheric transport model intended at interpreting the north-south concentration gradient. In situ measurements will be carried out by ships and automated drifting buoys (CARIOCA). Satellite measurements of wind speed, sea surface temperature and ocean color will be used to deduce the air-sea CO2 flux at regional scale to improve the computing of CO2 uptake in the models. Furthermore, the links between the transfer velocity and physical, chemical and biological parameters at the ocean surface will be investigated by direct comparison of the transfer velocity (k), as determined at sea during field investigations using dual and triple tracer technique, and simultaneous measurement of winds derived from wind scatterometer. The biological (e.g. via the zinc metallo-enzyme carbonic anhydrase) enhancement of the exchange of carbon dioxide across the air-sea interface will be investigated on a global and regional basis and the influence of various parametrisations on the CO2 air-sea exchange at global scale will be explored. The seasonal and interannual variations of the exchange velocity will be monitored at global scale using wind speed data obtained by satellite. Campo scientifico natural sciencesbiological sciencesmarine biologyengineering and technologymaterials engineeringcolorsnatural scienceschemical sciencesinorganic chemistrytransition metalsengineering and technologymechanical engineeringvehicle engineeringaerospace engineeringsatellite technologynatural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesatmospheric sciencesmeteorologybiosphera Programma(i) FP4-ENV 2C - Specific programme of research and technological development in the field of environment and climate, 1994-1998 Argomento(i) 010101 - Basic processes of the climate system Invito a presentare proposte Data not available Meccanismo di finanziamento CSC - Cost-sharing contracts Coordinatore UNIVERSITE PIERRE ET MARIE CURIE - PARIS VI Contributo UE Nessun dato Indirizzo Place Jussieu 4 75252 PARIS Francia Mostra sulla mappa Costo totale Nessun dato Partecipanti (6) Classifica in ordine alfabetico Classifica per Contributo UE Espandi tutto Riduci tutto Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Francia Contributo UE Nessun dato Indirizzo 14 avenue Edouard Belin 31400 Toulouse Mostra sulla mappa Costo totale Nessun dato Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA) Francia Contributo UE Nessun dato Indirizzo Centre d'Etudes de Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Mostra sulla mappa Costo totale Nessun dato MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN E.V. Germania Contributo UE Nessun dato Indirizzo Bundesstra¯e 55 20146 HAMBURG Mostra sulla mappa Costo totale Nessun dato NERC Centre of Coastal and Marine Sciences Regno Unito Contributo UE Nessun dato Indirizzo Prospect Place West Hoe PL1 3DH Plymouth Mostra sulla mappa Costo totale Nessun dato UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA Regno Unito Contributo UE Nessun dato Indirizzo University Plain NORWICH Mostra sulla mappa Collegamenti Sito web Opens in new window Costo totale Nessun dato UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG Germania Contributo UE Nessun dato Indirizzo Budesstrasse 55 20146 Hamburg Mostra sulla mappa Costo totale Nessun dato
