Objectif The objectives of ESCOBA (European Study of Carbon in the Ocean,Biosphere and Atmosphere) are to describe, quantify, model andforecast the global carbon cycle, its response to theanthropogenic perturbation and its interaction with the physicalclimate system. Part A, Atmosphere aims to provide theobservational and modelling diagnostic tools needed to validateand constrain direct and model derived estimates of carbon fluxesbetween the atmosphere and the ocean or terrestrial carbon pools.An observational program is conducted to record at several keylocations the concentration of atmospheric CO2 and its13C/12C and 14C/Cisotope ratios, which provide constraints on the current distribution ofsurface sources and sinks of CO2.An atmospheric transport model is developed and applied in order torelate the observations from the global staton monitoring network to thelarge scale distribution of surface sources and sinks.Variations of the past atmospheric CO2 concentration and its13C/12Cratio are determined from analyses on air-bubbles in polar ice cores.These provide a means to assess the natural variability of the carbon cycleduring the Holocene and the industrial period.A series of modelling studies of the past 30 years of directatmospheric observations is conducted, using coupled three-dimensionalcarbon models of the atmosphere, ocean and terrestrial biosphere driven byobserved climate. These studies allow to quantify the regionaldistribution of sources and sinks of CO2 and provide anassessment ofcarbon cycle feedbacks induced by climate fluctuations, in particularduring El Nino/Southern Oscillation events.Using coupled carbon models of the atmosphere, ocean and terrestrialbiosphere, simulations of the atmospheric CO2 concentrationevolution areperformed given prescribed scenarios of future industrial emissions andland use statistics. Champ scientifique natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesatmospheric sciencesmeteorologybiosphera Programme(s) FP3-ENV 1C - Specific research and technological development programme (EEC) in the field of the environment, 1990-1994 Thème(s) 0102 - Anthropogenic climate change Appel à propositions Data not available Régime de financement CSC - Cost-sharing contracts Coordinateur MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN E.V. Contribution de l’UE Aucune donnée Adresse Bundesstra¯e 55 20146 HAMBURG Allemagne Voir sur la carte Coût total Aucune donnée Participants (4) Trier par ordre alphabétique Trier par contribution de l’UE Tout développer Tout réduire CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE France Contribution de l’UE Aucune donnée Adresse Rue Molière 54, Université de Grenoble 1 38402 SAINT-MARTIN-D'HERES Voir sur la carte Coût total Aucune donnée Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) France Contribution de l’UE Aucune donnée Adresse Avenue de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Voir sur la carte Coût total Aucune donnée INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE METEOROLOGIA Espagne Contribution de l’UE Aucune donnée Adresse Camino de las Moreras s/n 28071 MADRID Voir sur la carte Coût total Aucune donnée RUPRECHT-KARLS-UNIVERSITAET HEIDELBERG Allemagne Contribution de l’UE Aucune donnée Adresse Im Neuenheimer Feld 229 69117 HEIDELBERG Voir sur la carte Coût total Aucune donnée