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Microbial plant growth stimulation and control of plant fungal diseases for sustainable production of healthy food, focused on Uzbekistan

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In many developing countries, including Uzbekistan, insufficient food and deficiencies of vitamins and micronutrients is widespread. Cotton was the major crop produced in Uzbekistan for decades. Its production required an extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and was accompanied by strong irrigation of fields. This led to the drying up of the Aral Sea and resulted in strongly increased concentrations of chemical pesticides and natural salts. These substances were then blown from the increasingly exposed lakebed and contributed to desertification and water pollution from industrial wastes. The heavy use of fertilizers and pesticides is the cause of increasing soil salination and soil contamination from agricultural chemicals. Because plants are under saline or water unbalance stress, they become more vulnerable to diseases caused by pathogenic fungi. It is clear that the situation could be largely improved when the use of chemicals would be replaced by environmentally friendly biological. Rain would then gradually reduce the level of chemicals from the soil. Sustainable crop production is the basic approach for agriculture in the 21st century. It aims at obtaining ecologically safe food and fodder with a minimal disturbance of the environment. A low input of chemicals, the use of natural (micro) organisms, and reduced energy consumption are the basic characteristics of this strategy. The use of specific microbes which stimulate plant growth and/or are natural enemies of pathogens allows a considerable decrease in the use of agrochemicals which are now being used for plant growth stimulation and control of diseases. This will positively affect emergence of seedlings in soils with a poor structure such as those in Uzbekistan. Therefore the development of salt-tolerant microbial inoculants in such environments will help improve cropping methods, plant health and productivity. Through this sustainable practice soil quality is also expected to improve. In the present proposal we aim at the isolation, characterization and production of microbes for the promotion of plant growth and for the control of plant diseases. We will evaluate the possibility to convert them into products that are ecologically safe and therefore assist in the production of healthy food through the growth of healthy plants. We will focus on application in Uzbekistan but keep the possibility open for application in other parts of the world.

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Leiden University, Institute of Biology
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Letzte Aktualisierung: 31 August 2005

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Permalink: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/INTAS2004-82-6969/de

European Union, 2024