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Trapped particles, ions, atoms and molecules, are ideal tools for many experiments aimed at testing the fundamental laws of physics. Traps of many different kinds have been developed during these last decades and impressive advances have been obtained with the advent of laser cooling. Laser cooling not only makes possible the trapping of neutral particles, but it dramatically improves the potential of low and high-energy ion traps.

Therefore laser cooling, along with other cooling techniques, for example, evaporative cooling or electron cooling, makes it possible to achieve conditions for the observation of the Bose-Einstein condensation or to perform parity non conservation experiments with an accuracy so high as to make possible tests of the Standard Model. New frontiers at hand are represented by the trapping of radioactive atoms that open new perspectives in fields that were once the strict domain of nuclear and high-energy physics.

Other issues that become attractive with trapped particles are very high precision mass measurements, QED tests, etc. The School will offer the students and young researchers the opportunity to know in detail the different kinds of traps, the fundamental issues that can be faced and the up to date experimental and theoretical results on all these interesting fields of investigation.

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UNIVERSITY OF SIENA
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Via Banchi di Sotto, 55
I-53100 SIENA
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