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Building Identity: Religious Architecture and Sacral Landscapes of Christian Minorities in India and Bangladesh

Project description

Understanding the role of Christian minorities in India and Bangladesh

The cultural heritage of Christian minorities in India and Bangladesh is underexplored. Many medieval and early modern churches reflect local identities and traditions. Religious minorities in South Asia face increasing challenges, and many pre-1800 churches have either disappeared or are at risk. The ERC-funded ID-SCAPES project aims to develop a Social History of the Built Environment of mediaeval and early modern churches and sacral landscapes in India and Bangladesh. By examining the influences of various agencies, identities, and traditions on the design of these sites, the project seeks to understand the crucial role of churches in shaping the collective identities of Christian minorities today and their contribution to the cultural diversity of South Asia.

Objective

The cultural heritage associated with India and Bangladeshs Christian minorities remains understudied and its historical significance is often contested. Many of the countries medieval and early modern churches were built primarily for communities of newly converted Christians that came from different regions and caste backgrounds and therefore carried corresponding identities. Even today, many of South Asias churches reflect these local identities and traditions, with factors such as caste, indigenous agency, and cultural accommodation playing a role in their social and architectural history. These contexts originated distinct regional architectural expressions in the countries six main Christian ethnolinguistic communities (East Indians, Goans, Mangaloreans, Keralites, Tamils and Bengalis) However, most scholarly work has addressed the design of these churches against the background of European artistic tendencies - such as mannerism or baroque - while local contexts and traditions have remained overlooked. Today, as dominant groups assert hegemonic policies across South Asia, religious minorities face increasing challenges, and their cultural heritage is oftentimes at risk. Many of South Asias churches founded before ca. 1800 have disappeared, are in ruins or have been deeply transformed, and there is a sense of urgency in documenting the churches that remain. ID-SCAPES will produce a Social History of the Built Environment of India and Bangladeshs medieval and early modern churches and sacral landscapes, uncovering the influences of diverse agencies, identities and traditions on their overall design. By producing knowledge on this body of architecture, with in-depth analysis providing vision for contested and/or endangered sites, the project will ascertain how churches are vital in framing the collective identities of Christian minorities today, thereby nurturing their resilience and contributing towards the diversity of South Asias cultural heritage

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Programme(s)

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Topic(s)

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Funding Scheme

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HORIZON-ERC - HORIZON ERC Grants

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Call for proposal

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(opens in new window) ERC-2023-COG

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Host institution

UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO
Net EU contribution

Net EU financial contribution. The sum of money that the participant receives, deducted by the EU contribution to its linked third party. It considers the distribution of the EU financial contribution between direct beneficiaries of the project and other types of participants, like third-party participants.

€ 1 999 493,00
Address
PRACA GOMES TEIXEIRA
4099-002 PORTO
Portugal

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Region
Continente Norte Área Metropolitana do Porto
Activity type
Higher or Secondary Education Establishments
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Total cost

The total costs incurred by this organisation to participate in the project, including direct and indirect costs. This amount is a subset of the overall project budget.

€ 1 999 493,00

Beneficiaries (1)

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