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Bubble control in glazes of ceramic products

Deliverables

A valid characterization method for the glazes has been developed using Hot Stage Microscopy and gradient testing. The measurement of the deformation of a sample can quantitatively be described using image analysis techniques to define characteristic points in the melting behaviour. The determination of these points has been specified. In this way these points can be used to calculate viscosity as a function of temperature using equations as defined in literature. To specify actual glaze behaviour the sealing temperature of the glaze is defined using gradient testing. Combination of the sealing temperature and the development of the viscosity from this point on specify the behaviour of the glaze. In combination with the porosity of the glaze the bubble enclosure and the bubble defect development can be estimated. Heating dish microscopy can be used to qualitatively, in a later stage semi-quantitatively, define melting behaviour and bubble development of the glaze by in-situ measurement. This method has not been used for this purpose before, and has confirmed the theoretical conclusions as derived in the inventory of bubble defect knowledge (reader and database). It provides a significant tool as basis for further development of glazes and glaze applications, and will therefore be translated into the development of a new measurement standard, to be implemented in European standardization.

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