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Functional role of Epithelial–to–Mesenchymal Transition in the pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Projektbeschreibung

Neue Erkenntnisse zur Pathogenese chronisch-entzündlicher Darmerkrankungen

Die epithelial-mesenchymale Transition (EMT) ist ein Prozess, bei dem sich unbewegliche epitheliale Zellen in migrierende mesenchymale Zellen verwandeln. Er spielt bei der Entwicklung eine wesentliche Rolle. Die EMT wird jedoch bei bestimmten Erkrankungen wie Krebs reaktiviert und trägt so zur malignen Transformation, Progression und Therapieresistenz bei. Der Schwerpunkt des EU-finanzierten Projekts INFLEMT liegt auf der Rolle der EMT bei chronisch-entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen, d. h. chronischen Krankheiten des Verdauungstraktes. Die Forschungsgruppe wird die EMT bei chronisch-entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen untersuchen und deren Einfluss auf die Darmepithelzellen sowie die Fibroseentwicklung erforschen. Angesichts der hohen Prävalenz chronisch-entzündlicher Darmerkrankungen wird das Projekt wichtige Erkenntnisse zur Pathogenese der Erkrankung liefern und möglicherweise neue Behandlungsstrategien eröffnen.

Ziel

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) defines a group of chronic inflammatory disorders of the digestive tract, with ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease being its two major clinical manifestations, affecting 2.5 million people in Europe. The high prevalence of IBD in Europe and the multiple clinical challenges associated with a significant degree of unresponsiveness to anti-inflammatory therapies and development of complications requiring surgical intervention demand a deeper understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning IBD.
This project aims to understand the role of the process termed Epithelial–to–Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), an embryonic cellular trans-differentiation program re-launched in many pathological conditions, in the pathogenesis of IBD. EMT has in fact been detected in the inflamed intestinal mucosa and surrounding fibrotic areas of IBD patients and experimental models of colitis, however whether EMT functionally contributes to the pathogenesis of IBD is poorly understood.
The INFLEMT project aims to: 1) profile EMT in human IBD to identify its cellular features and correlation with the disease stage; 2) elucidate the impact of EMT on the integrity, functionality and regenerative capacity of the intestinal epithelial barrier; 3) explore the effects of EMT on fibrosis development and modulation of the immune response to assess its role in sustaining the chronic intestinal disease.
These objectives will be pursued by utilizing patient-derived biopsies as well as novel mouse models to manipulate EMT in the intestinal epithelium. Comprehensive analysis, including RNA-sequencing and multispectral imaging, of the involved cellular and microenvironmental components (epithelial barrier, immune cells, fibroblasts) will be performed in acute and chronic colitis settings to mechanistically configure EMT as an epithelial injury response and a major functional driver in the pathogenesis of IBD.

Koordinator

HUMANITAS UNIVERSITY
Netto-EU-Beitrag
€ 171 473,28
Adresse
VIA RITA LEVI MONTALCINI SNC
20090 Pieve Emanuele
Italien

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Region
Nord-Ovest Lombardia Milano
Aktivitätstyp
Higher or Secondary Education Establishments
Links
Gesamtkosten
€ 171 473,28