Project description DEENESFRITPL Metalloprotease effector AVR-Pita and the fitness of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae The fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) is the causal agent of rice blast disease which is responsible for tremendous yield loss making it a major threat to global food security. The development of efficient control strategies against plant diseases requires an understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying pathogen virulence. Pathogens rely on secreted proteins called effectors to manipulate the host molecular machinery for their benefit. The EU-funded VAMEAP project proposes to characterise the virulence activities of the metalloprotease effector AVR-Pita from M. oryzae. Despite a strong selection pressure against this effector, AVR-Pita is maintained in populations of the pathogen, suggesting a crucial role for fitness of M. oryzae. The research will survey the diversity and sequence polymorphisms in AVR-Pita, investigate the impact of its loss on the fitness of the fungus, identify the virulence targets of AVR-Pita and characterise the protease activity of the effector. Show the project objective Hide the project objective Objective Plant diseases are a major constraint on food production. To rationally design efficient and resilient disease control strategies, it is essential to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying pathogen virulence. Most pathogens rely on secreted proteins called effectors to manipulate the host machinery for their benefit and perform their life cycle. In VAMEAP, we propose to characterize the virulence activities of the metalloprotease effector AVR-Pita from Magnaporthe oryzae, the causal agent of rice blast disease. Despite a strong selection pressure against this effector, AVR-Pita is maintained in populations of the pathogen suggesting a crucial role for the fitness of M. oryzae. Yet, next to nothing is known about the virulence activities or host targets of AVR-Pita. Here we propose an ambitious combination of biochemical and functional approaches to bridge this knowledge gap. We will survey the natural diversity and sequence polymorphisms in AVR-Pita and investigate the impact of its loss on the fitness of M. oryzae. We will identify the virulence targets of AVR-Pita using protein-protein interaction screens and characterize the protease activity of this effector. Beyond the knowledge that this project will gather on AVR-Pita, it will also help to understand the biology of metalloprotease effectors commonly found in fungal pathogens. The multidisciplinary approach developed in this project will be a powerful tool to further understand fungal virulence and help design new resistance strategies to control fungal crop diseases. Fields of science natural sciencesbiological sciencesbiochemistrybiomoleculesproteinsproteomicsnatural sciencesbiological sciencesmicrobiologymycologyagricultural sciencesagriculture, forestry, and fisheriesagriculture Keywords Rice Magnaporthe oryzae Effector Metalloprotease Programme(s) H2020-EU.1.3. - EXCELLENT SCIENCE - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Main Programme H2020-EU.1.3.2. - Nurturing excellence by means of cross-border and cross-sector mobility Topic(s) MSCA-IF-2019 - Individual Fellowships Call for proposal H2020-MSCA-IF-2019 See other projects for this call Funding Scheme MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF) Coordinator INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE POUR L'AGRICULTURE, L'ALIMENTATION ET L'ENVIRONNEMENT Net EU contribution € 184 707,84 Address 147 RUE DE L'UNIVERSITE 75007 Paris France See on map Region Ile-de-France Ile-de-France Paris Activity type Research Organisations Links Contact the organisation Opens in new window Website Opens in new window Participation in EU R&I programmes Opens in new window HORIZON collaboration network Opens in new window Total cost € 184 707,84