Objetivo TO DEVELOP TEST METHODS WHICH REPLACE OR REDUCE THE USE OF EXPERIMENTAL VERTEBRATE ANIMALS. The kinetic characteristics of aniline hydroxylase and N-methylaniline demethylase were determined in different tissue preparations after optimising experimental conditions. While liver S9 and red blood cell supernatants were characterised by comparing enzymic efficacy, the use of whole red blood cells was more effective for N-methylaniline. This suggested that membrane or cellular integrity was important. The roles of reduced nicotamide adenine dinuceotide (NADH) and reduced nicotamide adenine dinuceotide phosphate (NADPH) were investigated and both cofactors were found to be essential for maximum reactivity.TWO ALTERNATIVE SYSTEMS ARE UTILIZED, WHICH DO NOT INVOLVE THE USE OF LABORATORY ANIMALS. THEY ARE HUMAN RED CELLS (ERYTHROCYTES) AND EXTRACTS FROM PLANTS. A NUMBER OF END POINTS ARE STUDIED, IN PARTICULAR IN BACTERIA (FORWARD MUTATIONS, RESERVE MUTATIONS, SOS FUNCTIONS) AND IN MAMMALIAN CELLS CULTURE ( CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS, SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGE). VARIOUS CLASSES OF CHEMICALS, REQUIRING DIFFERENT MODES OF ACTIVATION ARE SCREENED. THE RESULTS OBTAINED ARE COMPARED WITH THOSE PROVIDED BY THE SAME TESTS USING THE CLASSICAL S9 ACTIVATION SYSTEM. Ámbito científico natural sciencesbiological sciencesmicrobiologybacteriologynatural sciencesbiological sciencesgeneticsmutationnatural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesenvironmental sciencespollution Programa(s) FP1-ENVPROT 4C - Multiannual research and development programmes (EEC) in the field of the environment - Protection of the environment -, 1986-1990 Tema(s) Data not available Convocatoria de propuestas Data not available Régimen de financiación CSC - Cost-sharing contracts Coordinador UNIVERSITE CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Place De L'Universite 1 LOUVAIN-LA-NEUVE Bélgica Ver en el mapa Enlaces Sitio web Opens in new window Coste total Sin datos Participantes (4) Ordenar alfabéticamente Ordenar por aportación de la UE Ampliar todo Contraer todo LLAGOSTERA España Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección BETTATERNA Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos NATARAJAN Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Palitti Italia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección 56100 Pisa Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos RUEFF Portugal Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección LISBOA Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos
