Objetivo HEAT PUMPS IN INDUSTRY MAINLY SERVE AS A TOOL TO TRANSFORM WASTEHEAT INTO HEAT AT A HIGHER TEMPERATURE LEVEL WHERE IT MAY BE USED. WITH THE PRESENT STATE OF THE ART HEAT PUMPS CAN PRODUCE HEAT UP TO 120 DEGREES C. UNLIKE DOMESTIC HEAT PUMPS WHERE HEAT HAS TO BE EXTRACTED FROM AIR OR SOIL, THE HEAT SOURCE FOR INDUSTRIAL HEAT PUMPS IS GENERALLY WASTE HEAT. THE NATIONAL ENERGY SAVING POTENTIAL FOR INDUSTRIAL HEAT PUMPS IS NOT VERY BIG (1 - 2 % OF THE TOTAL NATIONAL PRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION) BUT CAN BE TREBLED IF HEAT PUMPS CAN BE DEVELOPED WHICH PRODUCE HEAT UP TO 300 - 400 DEGREES C. TO ACHIEVE THIS OBJECTIVE MUCH R + D STILL HAS TO BE DONE. THE ONLY PROJECT WHICH HAS THE PROMISE OF PRODUCING HEAT AT THESE TEMPERATURES IS THE BRAYTON-CYCLE HEAT PUMP. CEM, FRANCE MADE A TECHNO-ECONOMICAL STUDY FOR SUCH A HEAT PUMP IN MILK DRYING APPLICATIONS. HERE AIR OF 1 BAR IS HEATED WITH WASTE HEAT TO 60 DEGREES C, IS EXPANDED IN A TURBINE TO 0,5 BAR AND 2 DEGREES C AND IS THEN HEATED UP TO 60 DEGREES C WITH WASTE HEAT OF 90 DEGREES C AND COMPRESSED TO 1 BAR AT 165 DEGREES C. THIS HEAT WILL BE USED FOR DRYING IN THE PRODUCTION OF MILK POWDER. THE TURBO-COMPRESSOR WILL DELIVER 4 KG/S OF HOT AIR AT 165 DEGREES C AND CONSUMES 235 KW FOR A PRODUCTION OF 500 KG MILK POWDER PER HOUR. AN ELECTRIC MOTOR HAS BEEN CHOSEN TO DRIVE THE TURBO-COMPRESSOR; A COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH HEAT RECOVERY WOULD GIVE A HIGHER ENERGY EFFICIENT BUT MAINTENANCE IS TOO COSTLY AND TIME CONSUMING. THE COP OF THE HEAT PUMP IS CALCULATED TO BE 2,75. THE PAYBACK TIME IS 3 - 4 YEARS. WHEN PROTOTYPE TESTING HAD STARTED, ALSTHOM-ATLANTIQUE TOOK OVER CEM. THIS LEAD TO A DIFFERENT COMPANY POLICY IN THIS PROJECT. THE TECHNO-ECONOMICAL STUDY WAS REPEATED AND LEAD TO LOWER PAYBACK TIMES (5 - 6 YEARS) FOR MILK DRYING APPLICATIONS : DUE TO CHANGED CIRCUMSTANCES, AND DID NOT JUSTIFY FURTHER INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT. Programa(s) PRE-ENNONUC 2C - Energy research and development programme (EEC), 1979-1983 Tema(s) Data not available Convocatoria de propuestas Data not available Régimen de financiación Data not available Coordinador COMPAGNIE ELECTRO-MECANIQUE Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección 49 RUE DU COMMANDANT ROLLAND 93350 LE BOURGET Francia Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos