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Zawartość zarchiwizowana w dniu 2022-12-27

PASSIVE SOLAR HOUSING

Cel

The construction and monitoring of 63 one family houses (heated area : 86 m2) divided into three groups :
A (reference), B (improved insulation) and C (improved insulation plus passive solar techniques).
Expected energy savings per year are 0.43 TOE (B versus A) and 0.77 TOE (C versus A).
1. The average total cost of each type of house is:
Type A : 19,976 IRL
Type B : 21,716 IRL (extra cost B/A: 1,740 IRL)
Type C : 25,126 IRL (extra cost C/A: 5,150 IRL)
2. A major problem arose : the non-availability of natural gas supply to Clonmel. A temporary LPG supply has been provided to each home for cooking only. The solid fuel stoves (supposed to be for "occasional use" only) have therefore become the unique space heating sources and the electric immersion heaters (supposed to be used in summer season only) have become the unique method of heating water for domestic use.
3. Other problems prevented an accurate monitoring :
- six different kinds of solid fuels with various energy contents, have been burned, and most of the time more than one fuel in a given house.
- errors in the measurement of solid fuel consumption are difficult to detect.
In addition, such fuels do not allow flexibility.
Average solid fuel consumption by house type (kWh/day) for the period October 1984 to May 1985 are:
A (standard) : 40.77
B (highly insulated) : 38.64
C (passive solar) : 34.41
4. The efficiency of the stoves used for space heating has been measured.
Results are:
- stove with closed door : 55 to 59%
- stove with open door ("open fire") : 41 to 44%.
The scheme provides for :
- (type A) 23 houses built to government standards (single glazing, 40 mm cavity wall insulation, 100 mm roof insulation) with gas-fired central heating.
- (type B) 20 houses to the same plan and orientation as type A but with significant improvements of the building envelope : double glazing, 100 mm cavity wall insulation and 150 mm roof insulation. Window areas are as for houses type A to eliminate any differential in direct solar gains. The gas heating system has a reduced capacity resulting from the decreased heat loss.
- (type C) 20 houses as type B but with additional passive solar techniques : double storey conservatory added to south face, larger south facing windows, sun screening devices, plus thermostat controlled radiators.
This combination of house types within the project will allow for the evaluation of the benefits of additional measures over the dwelling incorporating the contemporary standards (Type A). It will be possible to identify the benefits of solar gain through heat stores (conservatories) and storage walls over houses of similar insulation standards and finally the benefits of the solar gain and energy efficient dwelling over the norm.
While it is not normal for Irish Public housing to have space heating systems other than open solid fuel fires, it is considered important in this project to include a gas heating system (using the recently discovered natural gas from Kinsale) to allow comparisions to be made with similar projects in other European countries. The measuring programme includes all energy consumption, Latmospheric conditions, hours of sunshine and numerous temperature readings registered in a data logger installed in each building.

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Koordynator

CLONMEL CORPORATION
Wkład UE
Brak danych
Adres
TOWN HALL
Clonmel
Irlandia

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