Objective To provide electric power in seven different Natural Parks in France without environmental damage. The electricity is mainly used for water pumping and lighting.See also projects SE./00167/87, SE./00213/88 and SE./00205/90.Globally the operation of all 31 systems is satisfactory.PV electricity has shown to be interesting for natural parcs for :* protection of the environment,* reduction of the visual impact of electric lines on landscape,* maintenance of activity in isolated sites and turistic development,* improvement of comfort,* lower cost than grid connections.The cost per unit of energy is calculated to be 9.4 Ecu/kWh for the average of the demonstration projects and 4.8 Ecu/kWh for replications.The seven subprojects are situated in seven different National Parks, mainly in the Southern part of France. 1) In the Poitevin swamps about 1000 cubicmeters per day of water are pumped 1 to 2 meters up in order to avoid drying out of some ecological important pools (One 1.54 kW system). Furthermore four fish locks are supplied with water to allow eals to pass higher up in the brook. (1 x 96; 2 x 192; 1 x 288 Wp systems).2) In the Livradoz Forest National Park in the "Massif Central", six isolated huts are electrified with systems ranging from 48 to 768 Wp for lights, and refrigerators.3) In the High Jura Park, 8 isolated buildings are electrified (system sizes from 192 Wp to 480 Wp).4) One 96 Wp system in the Luberon Park (for a shepherds hut).5) One 96 Wp in the Corsica Park (for a pump).6) In the Park des Volcans nine isolated buildings are electrified (systems sizes from 48 Wp to 1152 Wp).7) In the Conservatoire du Littoral one 1152 Wp system supplies electricity to an inn.Nr. of subsystems : Total 31 systems on 7 sites with 5, 6, 8, 1, 1, 9, 1 sub-subsystemsPower of subsystems : 2.3 + 1.3 + 2.7 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 2.2 + 1.2 kWp Total power : 9.9 kWpBackup : noneNr. of modules : about 200Module description : PHOTOWATT type BPX 47500, 48 pW, double glassConnection : for the 1.5 kW pumping station: 4 in series, 8 strings parallelSupport : partly on racks, partly on roofsMax power tracker : noneCharge controller : Solelec RS 200 for the houses, Total Energie for the pump, VictronBattery : No battery for the 1.5 kW irrigation pump. Varta, Oldham HVT 7S and FulmenBatt. (V) : 12 and 24Capacity (Ah) : between 100 and 800Inverter : TOTAL ENERGIE, 110 V dc/ 380 V ac, 4 kVA, for the irrigation pump MARATHON, 24V dc/230V ac, 2.4 kVA for 768 Wp system "Valcivieres".Load description : Pumps, fluorescent lamps, refrigerator (300 l, good insulation)Monitoring : Of the 31 installations six are monitored locally (amperehour counters), one has an experimental SUNPAC instrument (Le Champion) and three have NAPAC telecommand systems (Valcivieres (768 Wp); Aulac (Sarl-les 3 Burons) (1152 Wp); La Fontasse (1152 Wp). Programme(s) ENG-ENDEMO C - Programme (EEC) of demonstration projects and industrial pilot projects (EEC) in the energy field, 1985-1989 Topic(s) 7.1 - PHOTOVOLTAIC Call for proposal Data not available Funding Scheme DEM - Demonstration contracts Coordinator FEDERATIONS DES PARCS NATURELS DE FRANCE EU contribution No data Address RUE DE STOCKHOLM 4 75008 Paris France See on map Total cost No data