Objetivo The aim of this programme is to develop research on walnut, almond and pistachio, whose culture is underdeveloped in the European Community. The soil and climatic conditions of southern Europe are very well suited to these nut species. In this region nut production represents one of only a few alternatives for the replacement of fruit species that represent a production surplus, and can therefore improve agriculture in underdeveloped areas of the Mediterranean Basin. The object of the project was to increase supply of underexploited nut species (walnut, almond, pistachio) by selection of plant material of superior agronomic performance. Outstanding walnut trees were selected in Spain, Portugal, Italy and Greece, checked for cherry leaf roll virus and then grafted to form a study control group. 37 of these selected trees were grafted, and included in a European walnut germplasm centre in Caserta (Italy). An early nursery test for susceptiblity to bacteria was set up. A genetic test was initiated to evaluate heritability of characters such as fructification on small lateral branches, later flowering, and combining ability of selected parents. With respect to rootstock for almond, 70 plants were selected in the nursery from open pollinated progeny, as well as 37 clones originated by in vitro culture. In addition, several hybrids, of the cross almond X peach, were selected principally for their ability to be propagated vegetatively. All the selected plants were evaluated for their resistance to nematodes and to telluric diseases. A network of international rootstock trials for almond to compare the performance of the various selections. Observations were carried out on over 60 male and female varieties of pistachio concerning characters such as vigour, flowering time of male and female trees, productivity and sensitivity to verticilium. Four varieties were selected. Various methods of grafting were tried in order to improve the technique for vegetative propagation of selected superior varieties and especially to find means of overcoming incompatibility. Seed germination methods for the different species were studied with the aim of improving germination. The value as rootstocks of these different species was determined.The above objectives will be realized through the obtention of plant material of superior agronomic performance. For walnut, a survey of local seedling populations from the Mediterranean Basin is planned, with the aim of selecting trees which satisfy certain research criteria, i.e. lateness of flowering, rapid and abudant fruiting, tolerance to bacterial disease, production of quality nuts. These preselections will become part of a European germplasm based in Italy, and they shall either be used directly as varieties, or more likely serve as genitors in a breeding programme at a European level. For almond, the project involves selecting rootstocks from almond seedlings that are adapted well to non-irrigated conditions, and to create vigourous interspecific rootstock hybrids which respond favourably to specific problems of either non-irrigated culture (i.e. nematode resistance or iron chlorosis). For pistachio, the programme aims to select some varieties that are adapted to the potential regions of production. The techniques of multiplication shall also be improved, and a search shall be undertaken in Pistachia genus for selection of rootstocks with very good graft-compatibility that allow creation of orchards that are uniform in vigour and productivity. Ámbito científico natural sciencesbiological sciencesmicrobiologybacteriologynatural sciencesbiological sciencesmicrobiologyvirologyagricultural sciencesagriculture, forestry, and fisheriesagriculturehorticulturefruit growingsocial scienceseconomics and businesseconomicsproduction economicsproductivity Programa(s) FP2-CAMAR - Research and technological development programme (EEC) in the field of competitiveness of agriculture and management of agricultural resources, 1989-1993 Tema(s) Data not available Convocatoria de propuestas Data not available Régimen de financiación Data not available Coordinador CENTRE INTERNATIONAL DE HAUTES ETUDES MEDITERRANEENNES Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Apartado 22 50080 ZARAGOZA España Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Participantes (10) Ordenar alfabéticamente Ordenar por aportación de la UE Ampliar todo Contraer todo Estacao Agronomica Nacional de Oeiras Portugal Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Quinta do Marques 2780 OEIRAS Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE INVESTIGACIONES AGRARIAS España Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección JOSE ABASCAL 56 28003 MADRID Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) Francia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Centre de Recherches de Bordeaux 33883 Villenave-d'Ornon Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Institut d'Arboriculture Fruitiere Grecia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Naoussa 59200 NAOUSSA Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries España Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Passeig de Gracia 44 08007 BARCELONA Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Instituto Nacional de Investigacao Agrarias Portugal Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección De Leiria 2460 ALCOBACA Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Istituto Sperimentale per la Frutticoltura Italia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Via di Fioranello 52 00040 Ciampino Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Istituto Sperimentale per la Patologia Vegetale Italia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Via C. G. Bertero 22 00156 Roma Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos National Agricultural Research Foundation Grecia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Neon Krikello 35100 LAMIA Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Servicio de Investigation Agrarias de la Diputation General de Aragon España Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Maria Agustin-Edificio Pignatelli 36 50004 SARAGOSSE Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos