Objective How stem cell populations balance the opposing forces of self-renewal and differentiation to maintain a functional population is a question that strikes at the heart of what it means to be a stem cell. Undifferentiated embryonic stem cell (ESC) identity is maintained by transcription factors (TFs) of the pluripotency gene regulatory network (PGRN) centred on the TFs Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog. ESCs with high levels of Nanog self-renew efficiently while ESCs with low Nanog levels are prone to differentiate. Therefore, the observed heterogeneous expression of some PGRN components, in particular Nanog, is likely to be important for simultaneous maintenance of self-renewal and facilitation of differentiation, thereby sustaining functional pluripotency. In this proposal I will unravel mechanisms establishing heterogeneity and characterise the role of Nanog in generating ESC heterogeneity. By determining chromatin binding dependencies between TFs and by using a novel approach to identify functional cis-elements that mediate Nanog action, these studies will illuminate mechanisms regulating ESC phenotype. The hypothesis that pluripotency is generated by heterogeneity in PGRN component expression, that then generates an ESC population in which single cells have distinct intrinsic probabilities for differentiation into specific cell types will be tested. Interfering with PGRN component function locus-specifically using a high efficiency genome engineering strategy, will explore a new method to influence cell-fate. Together, the proposed innovative experiments aim to increase the understanding of the causes and consequences of PGRN component heterogeneity and the regulation of pluripotency that may be of relevance to other stem cell systems. The results will have important implications for ESC biology, in terms of increasing the efficiencies of ESC derivation, differentiation, and the use of ESCs in future cell based regenerative medicine approaches. Fields of science natural sciencesbiological sciencesgeneticsDNAnatural sciencesbiological sciencesbiochemistrybiomoleculesproteinsmedical and health sciencesmedical biotechnologycells technologiesstem cellsnatural sciencesbiological sciencesgeneticsgenomes Keywords Pluripotency Embryonic stem cells Nanog transcription factor networks heterogeneity retrospective analysis of pluripotency factor binding DCM methylation Programme(s) H2020-EU.1.3. - EXCELLENT SCIENCE - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Main Programme H2020-EU.1.3.2. - Nurturing excellence by means of cross-border and cross-sector mobility Topic(s) MSCA-IF-2014-EF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) Call for proposal H2020-MSCA-IF-2014 See other projects for this call Funding Scheme MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF) Coordinator THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH Net EU contribution € 183 454,80 Address OLD COLLEGE, SOUTH BRIDGE EH8 9YL Edinburgh United Kingdom See on map Region Scotland Eastern Scotland Edinburgh Activity type Higher or Secondary Education Establishments Links Contact the organisation Opens in new window Website Opens in new window Participation in EU R&I programmes Opens in new window HORIZON collaboration network Opens in new window Total cost € 183 454,80
