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Preventing and mitigating farmed bivalve diseases

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Project information

VIVALDI

Grant agreement ID: 678589

Project website

Status

Closed project

Start date

1 March 2016
End date

29 February 2020

Funded under:

H2020-EU.3.2.

Overall budget:

€ 5 414 417,50
EU contribution

€ 4 503 082,50

Coordinated by:

INSTITUT FRANCAIS DE RECHERCHE POUR L'EXPLOITATION DE LA MER

France

Objective

The overarching goal of VIVALDI is to increase the sustainability and competitiveness of the European shellfish industry by improving the understanding of bivalve diseases and by developing innovative solutions and tools for the prevention, control and mitigation of the major pathogens affecting the main European farmed shellfish species: Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas), mussels (Mytilus edulis and M. galloprovincialis), European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis), clams (Venerupis philipinarum) and scallops (Pecten maximus ). The project addresses the most harmful pathogens affecting either one or more of these shellfish species: the virus OsHV-1, Vibrio species including V. aestuarianus, V. splendidus, V. harveyi and V. tapetis, as well as the parasite Bonamia ostreae. The project is committed to provide practical solutions based on the most advanced knowledge.

VIVALDI will dissect the disease mechanisms associated with pathogen virulence and pathogenesis and host immune responses, develop in vivo and in vitro models, and apply “omic” approaches that will help the development of diagnostic tools and drugs against pathogen targets, and breeding programmes in a collaborative effort with industrial partners. The proposal will include a global shellfish health approach, recognising that cultured bivalves are often exposed to several pathogens simultaneously, and that disease outbreaks can be due to the combined effect of two or more pathogens. The proposal will also investigate advantages and risks of the used of disease-resistant selected animals in order to improve consumer confidence and safety.

VIVALDI will be both multi- and trans-disciplinary. In order to cover both basic and applied levels from molecules to farm, the proposal will integrate partners with a broad range of complementary expertises in pathology and animal health, epidemiology, immunology, molecular biology, genetics, genomics and food safety.

Field of Science

/medical and health sciences/basic medicine/pathology

/natural sciences/biological sciences/genetics and heredity

/natural sciences/biological sciences/molecular biology

/medical and health sciences/basic medicine/immunology

/social sciences/other social sciences/social sciences interdisciplinary/sustainable development

/engineering and technology/other engineering and technologies/food and beverages/food safety

/medical and health sciences/health sciences/epidemiology

Programme(s)

H2020-EU.3.2. - SOCIETAL CHALLENGES - Food security, sustainable agriculture and forestry, marine, maritime and inland water research, and the bioeconomy

Topic(s)

SFS-10b-2015 - Scientific basis and tools for preventing and mitigating farmed mollusc diseases

Call for proposal

H2020-SFS-2015-2

See other projects for this call

Funding Scheme

RIA - Research and Innovation action

Coordinator

INSTITUT FRANCAIS DE RECHERCHE POUR L'EXPLOITATION DE LA MER

Address

1625 Route De Sainte Anne Zone Industrielle De La Pointe Du Diable
29280 Plouzane

France

Activity type

Research Organisations

EU Contribution

€ 727 762,50

Website

Contact the organisation

Participants (20)

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CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS

France

EU Contribution

€ 299 993,75

SYNDICAT DES SELECTIONNEURS AVICOLES ET AQUACOLES FRANCAIS

France

EU Contribution

€ 150 001,25

LABOGENA DNA

France

EU Contribution

€ 202 886,25

AGENCIA ESTATAL CONSEJO SUPERIOR DEINVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS

Spain

EU Contribution

€ 390 000

FUNDACIO MAS BADIA

Spain

EU Contribution

€ 371 273,75

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE CORK - NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, CORK

Ireland

EU Contribution

€ 178 125

MARINE INSTITUTE

Ireland

EU Contribution

€ 118 808,75

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND GALWAY

Ireland

EU Contribution

€ 116 058,75

ATLANTIUM TECHNOLOGIES LTD

Israel

EU Contribution

€ 215 285

UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI GENOVA

Italy

EU Contribution

€ 199 230

UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI PADOVA

Italy

EU Contribution

€ 200 000

UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI TRIESTE

Italy

EU Contribution

€ 199 983,75

NOFIMA AS

Norway

EU Contribution

€ 150 000

NASJONALT INSTITUTT FOR ENAERINGS-OG SJOMATFORSKNING

Norway

EU Contribution

€ 81 250

STICHTING WAGENINGEN RESEARCH

Netherlands

EU Contribution

€ 165 337,50

THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR ENVIRONMENT, FOOD AND RURAL AFFAIRS

United Kingdom

EU Contribution

€ 448 656,25

THE QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY OF BELFAST

United Kingdom

EU Contribution

€ 99 966,25

ALFRED-WEGENER-INSTITUT HELMHOLTZ-ZENTRUM FUR POLAR- UND MEERESFORSCHUNG

Germany

EU Contribution

€ 80 000

DANMARKS TEKNISKE UNIVERSITET

Denmark

EU Contribution

€ 78 468,75

THE UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL

United Kingdom

EU Contribution

€ 29 995

Project information

VIVALDI

Grant agreement ID: 678589

Project website

Status

Closed project

Start date

1 March 2016
End date

29 February 2020

Funded under:

H2020-EU.3.2.

Overall budget:

€ 5 414 417,50
EU contribution

€ 4 503 082,50

Coordinated by:

INSTITUT FRANCAIS DE RECHERCHE POUR L'EXPLOITATION DE LA MER

France

Project information

VIVALDI

Grant agreement ID: 678589

Project website

Status

Closed project

Start date

1 March 2016
End date

29 February 2020

Funded under:

H2020-EU.3.2.

Overall budget:

€ 5 414 417,50
EU contribution

€ 4 503 082,50

Coordinated by:

INSTITUT FRANCAIS DE RECHERCHE POUR L'EXPLOITATION DE LA MER

France

Periodic Reporting for period 2 - VIVALDI (Preventing and mitigating farmed bivalve diseases)

Reporting period: 2017-09-01 to 2019-02-28

Summary of the context and overall objectives of the project

The European shellfish industry is a major contributor to global production of marine bivalves and has a significant social impact. Since 2008, massive mortality outbreaks in Pacific oyster spat have been reported, attributed to the oyster herpesvirus OsHV-1. More recently, increased mortality has been reported in adult Pacific oysters associated with Vibrio aestuarianus and among blue mussels with the detection of V. splendidus. Similarly, the Brown Ring Disease caused by V. tapetis and Perkinsosis have a significant impact on the production of clams. In Spain, the parasite Marteilia cochillia has contributed to the collapse of cockle fishery since 2012. Disease management methods rely, among others, on preventive measures, which are regulated at EC level. VIVALDI project can contribute to identify possible specific adaptations to marine molluscs.
In this context, VIVALDI is bringing new knowledge on the interactions between shellfish, environment and pathogens and is developing practical tools and approaches aimed at better preventing and controlling diseases in the main European farmed shellfish species. These species include oysters (Crassostrea gigas and Ostrea edulis), mussels (Mytilus edulis and M. galloprovincialis), clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) and scallops (Pecten maximus). The project addresses the most harmful pathogens affecting these species: the virus Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1), Vibrio species including V. aestuarianus, V. splendidus and V. tapetis, as well as micro- eukaryotes such as the parasites Perkinsus olseni and Bonamia ostreae.

Work performed from the beginning of the project to the end of the period covered by the report and main results achieved so far

Pathogen diversity and lifecycles:
- Investigations on oyster pathogens’ genomes reveal that the virus OsHV-1 is evolving via animal transfers and when it switches from one host species to another;
- Differences in the virulence of the bacteria Vibrio aestuarianus have been revealed;
- New bivalve pathogens have been characterised;
- Rapid identification of bacteria will become possible thanks to the creation of a MALDI-TOF MS database;
- -Rapid quantification of the parasite Perkinsus olseni in clam is now possible by Real-Time PCR
- Several diagnostic approaches allow to successfully detect aquatic pathogens in sea water, after filtration or using plastic membranes as passive sensors. Magnetic Beads could be used prior to PCR to improve the detection OsHV-1 in aquaculture facilities.
Host and pathogen response:
- Important pathways involved in the bivalves’ response against pathogens were identified: e.g. autophagy (mechanism contributing to cellular components degradation and recycling), seems involved in the oyster defence against the virus OsHV-1;
- We have discovered that mussels show an extremely high expression of antimicrobial peptides that might be very effective against pathogens;
- Tissular distribution and pathogenesis of oyster pathogens OsHV-1 and Vibrio aestuarianus and the bacteria Vibrio tapetis in clams have been successfully explored;
- Improved survival of oysters challenged with UV inactivated OsHV-1 has been revealed.
Development of selective breeding programmes:
- We have produced and identified oyster tolerant families (able to support high viral load without dying) and resistant families (able to limit the infection).
- A massive genotyping approach based on 20 000 SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) combined with whole genome sequencing will allow us to identify genomic regions associated with the resistance/tolerance to the viral infection.
- The impact of the diet on the resistance to OsHV-1 has also been observed.
- Parentage assignation tools based on SNP panels were developed and tested in oysters and clams.
- Simulation exercises have shown that it is possible to select for survival and growth without increasing inbreeding.
Microbiota:
- Microbial communities are investigated in bivalves under different environmental conditions and infections.
- Experimental studies have shown that oyster depuration does not remove Vibriofrom bivalve tissues and exposure to nanoparticles such as n- TiO2 modifies the composition of the bacteriome
- These first results suggest thatmicrobiota could be used as a health marker.
Environmental parameters:
-Environmental parameters influence disease development: OsHV-1 infection is drastically reduced at 29°C or increased in the presence of green algae.
-Laboratory and field experiments have highlighted interactions between plankton and Vibrio : e.g the microalgal species Alexandrium minutum seems to boost Vibrio tasmaniensis’ virulence, whereas Isochrysis galbana inhibits the growth of V. aestuarianus.
- Modelling the spread of pathogens by water currents was achieved within key sites monitored in VIVALDI. Such models are of interest to simulate outbreak and test the efficiency of management measures.
Disease management measures:
- Strategies to avoid OsHV-1 in hatcheries/nurseries and reduce mortalities were reviewed.
- Field experiments confirm that husbandry practices need to be locally adapted.
- Experimental studies have demonstrated that UV-based technology inactivates pathogens in the water in entrance of hatcheries/nurseries but also oyster gametes and larvae from the wastewater.
- A model allows to categorise shellfish farms depending on the risk of introduction and spread of oyster pathogens. This tool might help the competent authorities in Member States to better implement risk-based surveillance.
Stakeholder analysis and mapping was carried out in several countries in order to better understand the key stakeholders in the shellfish

Progress beyond the state of the art and expected potential impact (including the socio-economic impact and the wider societal implications of the project so far)

- Characterizing the diversity of oyster pathogens: these results are of interest for future detection tools;
- Passive sensors, magnetic beads and electrochemical biosensors to improve the detection aquatic pathogens: such tools will be useful for pathogen surveillance in the environment and development of early warning systems;
- Better understanding of the life-cycles of some pathogens is required to develop effective disease management plans;
- Characterizing bivalve microbiome under different scenarios could help to identify bivalve health markers;
- Identifying key mechanisms involved in the response of bivalves during an infection may help to identify markers related with resistance against diseases;
- Panels of SNP markers are now available for oysters and clams. Combined with oyster and clam phenotyping, these panels will allow us to identify markers associated with resistance/tolerance to some pathogens;
- Marker panels for parentage assignment available for oysters and clams. These tools will optimise breeding programs;
- Existing strategies to avoid OsHV-1 in hatchery/nursery were identified and completed by field studies, so as to identify the best husbandry practices to reduce mortality;
- UV treatment showed efficacy to inactivate pathogens and remove oyster gametes and larvae from the wastewater;

VIVALDI project

Water treatment, to better prevent the entry of pathogens in nurseries and hatcheries

Modeling to better predict shellfish diseases

Dissemination activities

Studying the diversity of pathogens, such as Marteilia Refringens (parasite)

Oyster selection programmes to increase resistance/tolerance to diseases

Sampling in Ria de Vigo (ES)

Studying the autophagy pathway to better understand the virus/oyster interactions

Project information

VIVALDI

Grant agreement ID: 678589

Project website

Status

Closed project

Start date

1 March 2016
End date

29 February 2020

Funded under:

H2020-EU.3.2.

Overall budget:

€ 5 414 417,50
EU contribution

€ 4 503 082,50

Coordinated by:

INSTITUT FRANCAIS DE RECHERCHE POUR L'EXPLOITATION DE LA MER

Project information

VIVALDI

Grant agreement ID: 678589

Project website

Status

Closed project

Start date

1 March 2016
End date

29 February 2020

Funded under:

H2020-EU.3.2.

Overall budget:

€ 5 414 417,50
EU contribution

€ 4 503 082,50

Coordinated by:

INSTITUT FRANCAIS DE RECHERCHE POUR L'EXPLOITATION DE LA MER

France

Events

Acting together to better prevent and mitigate farmed bivalve diseases

29 August 2018

Montpellier, France

1 July 2020

Project information

VIVALDI

Grant agreement ID: 678589

Project website

Status

Closed project

Start date

1 March 2016
End date

29 February 2020

Funded under:

H2020-EU.3.2.

Overall budget:

€ 5 414 417,50
EU contribution

€ 4 503 082,50

Coordinated by:

INSTITUT FRANCAIS DE RECHERCHE POUR L'EXPLOITATION DE LA MER

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Last update: 13 June 2020

Record number: 200215

Permalink: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/200215/en

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Periodic Reporting for period 2 - VIVALDI (Preventing and mitigating farmed bivalve diseases)

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Publications

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