Objective In female mice, one of the two X chromosomes is inactivated during early development to ensure dosage compensation between genders. A long non-coding gene, Xist, plays a crucial role in the initiation of the X chromosome inactivation (XCI) process. Primordial germ cells (PGCs), the precursors of sperm and eggs, transmit genetic and epigenetic information to subsequent generations, following extensive reprogramming, erasure of methylation and genomic imprints, and X chromosome reactivation. The inactive X (Xi) then undergoes progressive reprogramming and reactivation in the germline of female embryos, through the loss of Xist RNA coating, followed by the erasure of the repressive H3K27me3 histone mark, and eventually biallelic expression of X-linked genes.Although the global dynamics of Xi reactivation have been mapped little is known about the gene-specific dynamics, or the mechanisms involved. To explore gene activity on the entire X chromosome during reprogramming in the germline, I will perform single-cell transcriptome analyses on PGCs from C57BL/6 X Castaneus F1 female hybrid embryos. The high rate of sequence polymorphisms between these strains provides allele-specific information for the activity of the Xp (paternal X) and the Xm (maternal X). I will investigate the kinetics of Xp and Xm gene reactivation chromosome-wide at the single cell level following PGC specification. Furthermore, I will study the dynamics of the expression of X-linked genes in conjunction with chromatin changes in PGCs by monitoring the loss of H3K27me3 enrichment on the inactive X chromosome. In parallel, I will study how the regulation of H3K27me3 affect Xi reactivation by using a conditional mutant mouse model of a H3K27me3 demethylase, UTX. Altogether, the innovative and multidisciplinary approach of this study will unravel important insights on germline reprogramming and the roles of chromatin changes associated with X chromosome reactivation. Fields of science natural sciencesbiological sciencesgeneticsRNAnatural sciencesbiological sciencesgeneticschromosomes Programme(s) H2020-EU.1.3. - EXCELLENT SCIENCE - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Main Programme H2020-EU.1.3.2. - Nurturing excellence by means of cross-border and cross-sector mobility Topic(s) MSCA-IF-2015-EF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF-EF) Call for proposal H2020-MSCA-IF-2015 See other projects for this call Funding Scheme MSCA-IF-EF-ST - Standard EF Coordinator THE CHANCELLOR MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE Net EU contribution € 195 454,80 Address TRINITY LANE THE OLD SCHOOLS CB2 1TN Cambridge United Kingdom See on map Region East of England East Anglia Cambridgeshire CC Activity type Higher or Secondary Education Establishments Links Contact the organisation Opens in new window Website Opens in new window Participation in EU R&I programmes Opens in new window HORIZON collaboration network Opens in new window Total cost € 195 454,80