Objectif The aim of this grant is to understand how cellular, tissue-scale and organismal left-right asymmetry arisesfrom the chirality of molecular constituents. In many instances the actomyosin cortex, a thin andmechanically active layer of dynamically cross-linked filaments and molecular motors at the surface of cells,drives the emergence of chiral morphogenetic events. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, mesoscalechiral active torques generated by this active layer establish the embryo’s left-right body axis. Here we wantto understand how mesoscale actomyosin active torques are generated at the molecular level, and how activetorque generation in the actomyosin surface drives chiral morphogenesis of cells, tissues and organisms.Cells and tissues represent a new class of active chiral materials where both the force and the torque balanceneed to be considered, and we will perform a systematic and cross-scale characterization of active chiralbiological matter. We will pursue an interdisciplinary approach at the interface of physics and biology. At themolecular-scale, we will use optical tweezers to measure active torques generated by single molecules of themolecular myosin and the actin polymerizing protein formin. At the cell-scale, we will reconstitute chiralactomyosin flows in vitro and characterize chiral dynamics of single molecules in vivo. At the tissue-scale,we will investigate chiral cell movements in a multicellular environment and unravel the physical basis ofchiral tissue flow in vertebrates. Theory is essential at all stages, and we will build a molecular-scale modelof actomyosin torque generation that will be coarse-grained to a generalized hydrodynamic description ofactive chiral matter. This interdisciplinary and cross-scale approach will provide fundamentally new insightsinto active chiral materials and the mechanisms by which left-right asymmetries arise in development. Champ scientifique natural sciencesbiological sciencesbiochemistrybiomoleculesproteinsmedical and health sciencesclinical medicineembryology Mots‑clés Actomyosin Torque generation Chiral patterning Left Right asymmetry Morphogenesis Biophysics Modelling Theory Cell biology C.elegans Chicken Quail Programme(s) H2020-EU.1.1. - EXCELLENT SCIENCE - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme Thème(s) ERC-2016-ADG - ERC Advanced Grant Appel à propositions ERC-2016-ADG Voir d’autres projets de cet appel Régime de financement ERC-ADG - Advanced Grant Coordinateur TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET DRESDEN Contribution nette de l'UE € 2 500 000,00 Adresse Helmholtzstrasse 10 01069 Dresden Allemagne Voir sur la carte Région Sachsen Dresden Dresden, Kreisfreie Stadt Type d’activité Higher or Secondary Education Establishments Liens Contacter l’organisation Opens in new window Site web Opens in new window Participation aux programmes de R&I de l'UE Opens in new window Réseau de collaboration HORIZON Opens in new window Coût total € 2 500 000,00 Bénéficiaires (1) Trier par ordre alphabétique Trier par contribution nette de l'UE Tout développer Tout réduire TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET DRESDEN Allemagne Contribution nette de l'UE € 2 500 000,00 Adresse Helmholtzstrasse 10 01069 Dresden Voir sur la carte Région Sachsen Dresden Dresden, Kreisfreie Stadt Type d’activité Higher or Secondary Education Establishments Liens Contacter l’organisation Opens in new window Site web Opens in new window Participation aux programmes de R&I de l'UE Opens in new window Réseau de collaboration HORIZON Opens in new window Coût total € 2 500 000,00