Skip to main content
European Commission logo print header

The asymmetry of life: towards a unified view of the emergence of biological homochirality

Descrizione del progetto

L’origine cosmica dell’omochiralità biologica

Gli oggetti vengono definiti chirali quando non possono essere sovrapposti alle proprie immagini speculari. Le due forme di una molecola chirale sono dotate di proprietà fisiche e chimiche identiche, ma possono adottare diverse modalità di interazione con altre molecole chirali. Secondo quanto dimostrato da un recente studio, l’unità chirale dell’RNA, ovvero il ribosio, si forma nelle condizioni simulate che caratterizzano le comete, il che fornisce l’evidenza dell’accessibilità dei precursori del materiale genetico negli ambienti interstellari. L’omochiralità, termine con cui si intende l’uniformità della chiralità, può verificarsi nel caso in cui le biomolecole chirali vengano sintetizzate in modo asimmetrico mediante l’interazione con i fotoni a polarizzazione circolare nello spazio interstellare. Il progetto A-LIFE, finanziato dall’UE, simulerà le fasi evolutive sulla Terra primordiale allo scopo di dimostrare il modo in cui le molecole eterogenee prodotte da un impatto meteoritico si assemblano per formare pre-biopolimeri omochirali.

Obiettivo

What is responsible for the emergence of homochirality, the almost exclusive use of one enantiomer over its mirror image? And what led to the evolution of life’s homochiral biopolymers, DNA/RNA, proteins and lipids, where all the constituent monomers exhibit the same handedness?

Based on in-situ observations and laboratory studies, we propose that this handedness occurs when chiral biomolecules are synthesized asymmetrically through interaction with circularly polarized photons in interstellar space. The ultimate goal of this project will be to demonstrate how the diverse set of heterogeneous enantioenriched molecules, available from meteoritic impact, assembles into homochiral pre-biopolymers, by simulating the evolutionary stages on early Earth. My recent research has shown that the central chiral unit of RNA, ribose, forms readily under simulated comet conditions and this has provided valuable new insights into the accessibility of precursors of genetic material in interstellar environments. The significance of this project arises due to the current lack of experimental demonstration that amino acids, sugars and lipids can simultaneously and asymmetrically be synthesized by a universal physical selection process.

A synergistic methodology will be developed to build a unified theory for the origin of all chiral biological building blocks and their assembly into homochiral supramolecular entities. For the first time, advanced analyses of astrophysical-relevant samples, asymmetric photochemistry triggered by circularly polarized synchrotron and laser sources, and chiral amplification due to polymerization processes will be combined. Intermediates and autocatalytic reaction kinetics will be monitored and supported by quantum calculations to understand the underlying processes. A unified theory on the asymmetric formation and self-assembly of life’s biopolymers is groundbreaking and will impact the whole conceptual foundation of the origin of life.

Meccanismo di finanziamento

ERC-STG - Starting Grant

Istituzione ospitante

CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS
Contribution nette de l'UE
€ 1 500 000,00
Indirizzo
RUE MICHEL ANGE 3
75794 Paris
Francia

Mostra sulla mappa

Regione
Ile-de-France Ile-de-France Paris
Tipo di attività
Research Organisations
Collegamenti
Costo totale
€ 1 500 000,00

Beneficiari (1)