Cel To better understand the basic processes underlying the balance of water, energy, carbon dioxide and methane for Arctic land surfaces through a programme of measurements and modelling; to incorporate the knowledge gained into improved descriptions of Arctic land surfaces within climate models and thereby gain understanding of the possible effects of climate change on the energy, water carbon dioxide and methane balances of Arctic ecosystems. The measurements are carried out in the European Arctic region at Ny-Aelesund (Svalbard), Kaamanen/Kevo (N.Finland) and Zackenberg/Disko Island (Greenland). During the experimental phase, sensors will operate either continuously or for substantial periods from before the thaw through the summer period. A common programme of measurements at each site will quantify the partition of incoming solar energy into sensible heat, latent heat and soil heat and moisture fluxes and will also quantify the carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in response to the changing energy and soil moisture conditions. To evaluate and quantify the measurement precision and accuracy at these diverse sites, a measurement intercomparison experiment will be conducted at a spatially inhomogeneous field site in northern Finland. The measurement programme will be used to modify, develop and improve existing one-dimensional descriptions of the soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer (SVAT) scheme. Effort will be directed towards improving the UK Meteorological Office/IH MITRE SVAT model. The net carbon balance and methane emissions in terms of temperature, moisture, insolation and surface heterogeneity will be modelled including the methane transport in soils and via plant pathways to the atmosphere. An analytical three dimensional terrain model will be developed to describe the Greenland sites and yield information on the radiation and energy balance. The model will be developed to include meteorological controls on snow deposition and melting and the influence of marked changes in albedo on radiation, energy and water balances and carbon dioxide and methane fluxes. The soil moisture measurements will be used to improve some aspects of the Nordic-HBV hydrological model such as the description of the unsaturated zone and groundwater in the presence of permafrost. The Nordic-HBV model will be calibrated by the catchment characteristics of the northern Finland sites derived and parameterised by a Geographic Information System (GIS). Dziedzina nauki engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsrenewable energysolar energynatural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesphysical geographycartographygeographic information systemsnatural sciencesbiological sciencesecologyecosystemsnatural scienceschemical sciencesorganic chemistryaliphatic compoundsnatural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesatmospheric sciencesclimatologyclimatic changes Program(-y) FP4-ENV 2C - Specific programme of research and technological development in the field of environment and climate, 1994-1998 Temat(-y) 010101 - Basic processes of the climate system Zaproszenie do składania wniosków Data not available System finansowania CSC - Cost-sharing contracts Koordynator NATURAL ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH COUNCIL Wkład UE Brak danych Adres Maclean Building, Crowmarsh Gifford OX10 8BB WALLINGFORD Zjednoczone Królestwo Zobacz na mapie Linki Strona internetowa Opens in new window Koszt całkowity Brak danych Uczestnicy (4) Sortuj alfabetycznie Sortuj według wkładu UE Rozwiń wszystko Zwiń wszystko FINNISH ENVIRONMENTAL INSTITUTE Finlandia Wkład UE Brak danych Adres 6,Kesäkatu 6 00251 HELSINKI Zobacz na mapie Koszt całkowity Brak danych FINNISH METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE Finlandia Wkład UE Brak danych Adres 20 E,Sahaajankatu 20 E 00810 HELSINKI Zobacz na mapie Koszt całkowity Brak danych FOUNDATION FOR TECHNICAL AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH AT THE NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Norwegia Wkład UE Brak danych Adres 153,Rich. Birkelandsvei 3 7465 TRONDHEIM Zobacz na mapie Koszt całkowity Brak danych UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN Dania Wkład UE Brak danych Adres 10,Oester Voldgade 10 1350 KOEBENHAVN K/COPENHAEGEN Zobacz na mapie Koszt całkowity Brak danych