Objectif The lower stratosphere/upper troposphere are areas of importance for ozone depletion, climate and interaction between chemistry and climate through ozone. Our knowledge of how chemical processes in general, and aircraft emissions in particular, affect the distribution of ozone and other key compounds in these regions is limited. However, with the projected large increase in future aircraft operations and thus emissions, studies of future impact on lower stratospheric/upper tropospheric chemical composition is needed. In order to address these scientific issues the overall objective for the AEROCHEM proposal is the impact of past, present and future emissions from both subsonic and supersonic aircrafts on upper tropospheric and lower stratospheric ozone. The project will contribute to a better scientific knowledge of the processes controlling ozone in height regions where ozone change could contribute significantly to climate change.The basic tool in this study will be 3-D CTMs (Chemical Transport Models) which have been developed by the participating groups, and where the emphasis is on processes affecting transport and chemistry in the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere. The models will have different formulation of chemistry and transport, and represent state of the art 3-D modelling. As a supplement to the 3-D studies 2-D CTMs with detailed gas phase chemistry will be used to investigate long term effects of aircraft emissions. In order to improve our understanding of the key processes identified above in the ozone chemistry, and to perform realistic 3-D estimates of the past, present and future impact on ozone from airplane emissions, a set of tasks is selected as necessary parts of the work plan. The tasks of the work plan are outlined below. Task 1. Preparation of data on emissions and background concentrations An archive of emissions relevant for modelling the impact of aircraft emissions on the chemical composition of the atmosphere. Starting point will be the AERONOX data base, which contains present day NOx emissions from aircraft (ANCAT, WSL, NASA), industry and surface traffic, biomass burning, microbial soil production, lightning, and stratospheric production (degradation of N2O). Furthermore, the data set will be extended in order to cover also past emissions and future emission scenarios, in particular aircraft emission scenarios. Task 2. Perform pilot runs to study model performance A selected number of runs based on a consistent emission data base established under Task 1 will be performed with the existing models. The goal is to study how the models perform with regard to ozone generation and ozone distribution in the region of aircraft emissions, the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. Current emission rate for the source gases will be adopted. Two sets of model studies will be performed: one base run with the current emissions, and with no aircraft emissions, and one run with the current emissions including todays aircraft emissions. In the base case the model will be run to give the distribution of trace gases for a one year period. Task 3. Sensitivity analysis and process studies The main goal of these studies is to increase our understanding of how key chemical and physical/dynamical processes after ozone distribution, and how they can be parameterised in 3-D CTMs, thereby increasing our ability to predict future changes due to aircraft emissions. Task 4. Calculations of ozone changes due to past, present and future aircraft operations A set of scenarios of emissions and background concentrations of longlived species will be defined and will be the basis for the model studies by the different modelling groups. The selection of scenarios to be used in the model runs will be made to best answer the overall objectives of the project. Champ scientifique natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesenvironmental sciencesozone depletionnatural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesatmospheric sciencesclimatologyclimatic changesnatural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesatmospheric sciencesmeteorologytroposphereagricultural sciencesagricultural biotechnologybiomass Programme(s) FP4-ENV 2C - Specific programme of research and technological development in the field of environment and climate, 1994-1998 Thème(s) 01020101 - Stratospheric chemistry and depletion of the ozone layer Appel à propositions Data not available Régime de financement CSC - Cost-sharing contracts Coordinateur UNIVERSITY OF OSLO Contribution de l’UE Aucune donnée Adresse Moltke Moes Vei 31 0315 OSLO Norvège Voir sur la carte Coût total Aucune donnée Participants (8) Trier par ordre alphabétique Trier par contribution de l’UE Tout développer Tout réduire GERMAN AEROSPACE CENTRE Allemagne Contribution de l’UE Aucune donnée Adresse Muenchener Strasse 20, Oberpfaffernhofen 82234 WESSLING Voir sur la carte Coût total Aucune donnée MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN E.V. Allemagne Contribution de l’UE Aucune donnée Adresse Johann Joachim-Becher-Weg 27 55020 MAINZ Voir sur la carte Coût total Aucune donnée METEO-FRANCE France Contribution de l’UE Aucune donnée Adresse 42,Avenue G. Coriolis 42 31057 TOULOUSE Voir sur la carte Coût total Aucune donnée NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE FOR AIR RESEARCH Norvège Contribution de l’UE Aucune donnée Adresse Instituttveien 18 2027 KJELLER Voir sur la carte Coût total Aucune donnée Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales France Contribution de l’UE Aucune donnée Adresse 29,Avenue de la Division Leclerc 92322 Châtillon Voir sur la carte Coût total Aucune donnée UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI - L'AQUILA Italie Contribution de l’UE Aucune donnée Adresse Via Vetoio 10, Coppito 67010 ASSERGI Voir sur la carte Coût total Aucune donnée Universitetet i Bergen Norvège Contribution de l’UE Aucune donnée Adresse 70,Allégaten 5007 Bergen Voir sur la carte Coût total Aucune donnée University of Cambridge Royaume-Uni Contribution de l’UE Aucune donnée Adresse Lensfield Road CB2 1EW Cambridge Voir sur la carte Coût total Aucune donnée