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Ultrasensitive and high speed electronics based on high-T superconducting Josephson junctions: basic problems

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Very high performance is promised by superconducting electronics. An ultra-high sensitivity in magnetometry is given by so-called superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUID), enabling medical studies of the brain, the heart, and other organs; gravitometry, magnetotellurics and other geophysical investigations; non-destructive testing of structures from microelectronic circuits to airplanes, and so on. The same types of Josephson elements that form SQUIDs can also be used within high-speed and high-frequency electronics. These give faster switching times than competing technology, low dispersion on transmission lines and very sensitive, quantum limited receivers. Applications may occur in telecommunications, computer interconnects, space observatories, and combinations of sensors and fast data handling in a first stage.

Cooling to helium temperature has been an obstacle to widespread use of superconducting electronics. The discovery of high-temperature superconductivity has raised hopes. It should be emphasised, though, that these new ceramic superconductors do not only give the possibility of operating at a convenient temperature but may also give other intrinsic advantages like higher frequency operation and lower noise than today, if Josephson junctions with sufficiently high products of Josephson current and normal state resistance (IcRn) can be realised.

The problems faced are concerned with the fabrication and characterisation of Josephson junctions acceptable for applications. There is a need to make well controlled, reproducible, durable, integrable, low-noise Josephson junctions with high IcRn products (limited by the superconducting energy gap). A number of different solutions will be tried by the co-operating groups. The nature of grain boundary junctions needs to be understood. Their noise has to be controlled in order to realise low 1/f noise SQUIDs and microwave receivers. Deliverables are in the form of specifications of SQUIDs, rapid single-flux quantum high-speed circuits and high-frequency devices. Deliverables will be obtained from the NIS partners in the form of customised, unique bi-crystals of a variety of materials and shapes, technology developed in the form of buffer layers and non-conventional substrates, smooth superconducting films and multi-layers of epitaxially grown films.

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Chalmers University of Technology
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Fysikgränd 3
41296 Göteborg
Schweden

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Letzte Aktualisierung: 19 September 1996

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Permalink: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/INTAS-94-3861/de

European Union, 2024