This project addresses measure I, first bullet point, and concerns a study of the statuses and rights of citizens and minorities in the EU member states and what changes can be expected to occur in associated countries and waiting list countries, if they eventually join the EU. The focus is on citizen and minority rights and also legally resident non-citizens rights. The changes point to three fields of issues:
(a) historical native minorities,
(b) extra-European citizens, and
(c) new immigrant minorities. Main questions are:
(1) In what direction is the meaning of citizenship, of rights, and democratic institutions changing?
(2) What new spaces for exercising citizenship rights have emerged?
(3) Which existing institutions and norms can continue to be democratic, inclusive, and empowering?
(4) What new institutions and norms are needed for sustaining an inclusive and empowering politics and a democratic society.