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Investigation and modeling of the physical characteristics and properties of snow at the surface of polar ice sheets

Deliverables

Summary: Snow is the interface between the atmosphere and the ice of the polar ice sheets. Its physical characteristics (temperature, density, stratigraphy, grain size, grain shape) are determined by surface meteorology. In turn, these characteristics influence the surface exchange of energy and mass. Climate, remote sensing, snow and ice physical and chemical analyses, are all affected by these exchanges. The polar Snow project has combined field work, laboratory work (including image analysis and processing), numerical modelling and satellite imagery to provide and original contribution to polar environment science. The major deliverables are: -The most complete model of snow thermal and structural features ever applied to the surface of the ice sheets, a result which has implied significant efforts to adapt and verify the model for the particularities of polar environment. -A Polar Snow database which although only covering a fraction of the surface of the ice sheets and not sampling the snow cover quite as deep as desired, is the first such product made with consistent and objective methods, some of which have been developed within the project. -A global simulation of snow at the surface of Greenland and Antarctica, probably the first of its kind.

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