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Role of the human in the evolution of ATM systems

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RHEA Conclusions: Common understanding and adopting common terminology: RHEA provides an agreed terminology and a classification scheme for automation concepts. This will diminish confusion and repeated efforts in future ATM automation research. Comprehensive function analysis: RHEAWP2 identified the functions performed in different current air traffic control systems (en route, approach) and added the functions that are likely to play a role in the future. The functions were expressed in such a form that the consequences of their subsequent automation can be considered easily. The WP2 function analysis can also be used for signalling, analyzing and solving bottlenecks in current air traffic control and for development of new ATC procedures. The application area of the results of WP2 is thus much broader than the scope of RHEA. Techniques for evaluation, validation and certification: WP4 provides an extensive and up-to-date list of techniques available for evaluating automation concepts. For each automation concept several techniques are listed. These techniques are not unique to ATM and could be applied to automation studies outside this field as well. Except for most of the fast time simulation techniques (which are mostly in an experimental stage), most of techniques are suited for validation and even certification studies. Criteria for choosing techniques have been extensively described (e.g. cost of technique, ease of applicability), thereby facilitating the best choice of a technique for the validation case at hand. Broad applicability of RHEA scenarios: The major objective of WP5 was to develop a number of representative ATM scenarios. In WP6 these scenarios were combined with the automation concepts identified in WP3, thus forming the basis of a set of ‘ATM situations’ (or ‘worked examples’). The pan-European nature of the RHEA Project was stressed in that the ATM scenarios produced at the end of WP5 are representative of ATM in Europe. The generic nature of the RHEA scenarios, allows their application in other European projects, like CINCAT, PATIO, MANTEA, PHARE, thus saving time and funds. Suitable automation concepts: RHEA WP3 provides a framework within which each automation concept may in principle be categorized. Once again, this framework does not only apply to ATM but also for automation in other areas for example the aircraft, nuclear or defence industry.

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