Objective A major unresolved challenge for neuroscience is to understand how any physical process, such as neural activity, can give rise to a subjective phenomenon, such as a conscious experience. This question has been empirically addressed by seeking to characterize patterns of neural activity that specifically correlate with conscious experience using neuroimaging. Such conventional imaging experiments are purely observational and cannot establish a causal role for any brain areas whose activity correlates with consciousness. Approaches that disrupt brain activity either temporarily (TMS) or permanently (stroke) have been used to address causality. Here I propose using a new approach to investigate causal links between brain activity and perception. I will use real-time fMRI with neurofeedback to teach participants to voluntarily regulate either the level of brain activity or of the functional coupling of areas within early visual cortex. I will then test how self-regulating activity (or coupling) at different pre-specified levels can influence processing of a visual stimulus presented near threshold. I hypothesise that the level of activity within early visual cortex, or the coupling between areas within the visual cortex, will directly influence objective detection thresholds. By identifying neural mechanisms that lead to perception of visual stimuli, this work seeks to explore the neural basis of visual awareness with a conceptually and methodologically new approach. The proposed research marks a potentially important methodological innovation, will illuminate processes fundamental to conscious experience, and will lead to important medical applications. Fields of science natural sciencesbiological sciencesneurobiologymedical and health sciencesbasic medicineneurologystroke Keywords Brain Activity Brain Connectivity Mental Imagery Neurobiology Neurofeedback Neuropsychology Real-time Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) Visual Awareness Visual Processing Programme(s) FP7-PEOPLE - Specific programme "People" implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (2007 to 2013) Topic(s) PEOPLE-2007-2-1.IEF - Marie Curie Action: "Intra-European Fellowships for Career Development" Call for proposal FP7-PEOPLE-2007-2-1-IEF See other projects for this call Funding Scheme MC-IEF - Intra-European Fellowships (IEF) Coordinator UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON EU contribution € 177 740,04 Address GOWER STREET WC1E 6BT LONDON See on map Activity type Higher or Secondary Education Establishments Administrative Contact Greta Borg-Carbott (Ms.) Links Contact the organisation Opens in new window Website Opens in new window Total cost No data