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African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious disease of domestic pigs and acari of the genus Ornithodoros. In the pig, the major target cell is the macrophage and research has been carried out to see whether or not the porcine macrophage has a specific receptor for the virus and, if so, to identify the virus attachment protein, to map the gene, to sequence and express it in sufficient amounts to carry out protection experiments in pigs. Porcine macrophages, but not macrophages from animal species resistant to the virus, have been found to have a specific receptor for ASF virus. The attachment of the virus to the macrophage occurred through an external protein (p12) in the virion, and this interaction was necessary to induce infection. The gene coding for protein p12 has been mapped and sequenced and work is in progress to express the gene to obtain enough protein p12 to carry out protection experiments.
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