Exploitable results
The overall progress made on Galileo standardisation through the SAGA project is significant and the results are globally in line with the initial objectives. The main results and recommendations on future Galileo standardisation are actually specific to each of the domains. The general SAGA results that can also be identified are following one:
- the Galileo system is now introduced and recognised as a future GNSS positioning standard in major domains (air, maritime, road, and rail);
- most of the standards are ready to include potential benefits from combined Galileo / GPS standards;
- an efficient feedback from standardisation point of view has been provided by SAGA on Galileo system definition and this will ease future standardisation;
- the draft of standards produced for each domain represent an important first step on the overall standardisation process. Main standardisation issues have been preliminary assessed, proposals have been made on most important requirements to be standardised and have been discussed within the standardisation bodies;
- a road map and recommendation for further work exist for each domain.
The SAGA experience has also shown that two different categories of standardisation activities exist: the safety of life related applications for which standards are driven by regulations and the mass market for which the driver is commercial. Finally it has to be highlighted that such support activities to future Galileo standards initiated d by SAGA should be continued in the next years. This is essential to consolidate and finalise standards before Galileo operational use.
Air
The objectives pursued by the consortium during the four years of the project can be summarised as follows:
- definition of existing civil aviation standardisation framework for signal in space and user receivers. The purpose it to identify the mechanisms and bodies in charge of standardisation at international and national levels;
- presentation and promotion of Galileo to the civil aviation community. The purpose is to present the main technical features considered for system design and the corresponding expected performance. The main expected result of this activity is to get feedback from the user community on the proposed definition;
- to review and provide feedback on the key Galileo definition documents;
- to support the Galileo standardisation activities within the ICAO GNSSP and Eurocae WG62;
- drafting of initial standards. This includes draft ICAO SARPs for the Galileo signal-in-space, draft MOPS for the airborne receiver, and outline standards for the Galileo local component for aviation.
These initial objectives were refined during the course of the project in consultation with the EC. The refinements changed the focus of the work to some extent but did not significantly change the overall objectives. Some example of this were:
1. The work on drafting standards within ICAO did not proceed as rapidly as initially expected. Additional work was carried out analysing such as GNSS vulnerabilities and the benefits of combining Galileo and GPS in the user receiver. The main objective of this work was to ensure that the benefits of Galileo were recognised within ICAO and specifically at the 11th Air Navigation Conference, held in October 2003.
2. Work within Eurocae WG62 was focussed mainly on issues such as the concept of operations for combined Galileo/GPS receivers and various interference issues related to the use of the E5 band.
3. Very little work was done by WP2000 partners on the common approach work package.
Road and Mobility
The work package had two main objectives:
- assess the requirements for primary (Galileo services) and secondary (user equipment and services) standards in order to ensure interoperability and market exploitation for road and mobility applications of Galileo;
- begin the development and drafting necessary standards in appropriate industry groups or standardisation bodies.
An associated goal was to contribute to the definition and production of standardisation documents for Galileo common to all applications, when necessary for global standardisation process efficiency.
The work was divided into three tasks, as follows:
- system and operations: system requirements, integration of Galileo with other road transport/mobile systems, requirements of value-added services;
- receivers: analysis of standards issues for on-board receivers, mobile receivers and local augmentation equipment;
- assessment and recommendations & support to common approach.
Following the mid-term review, given slower than expected progress in both Galileo definition and development and in GNSS-related ITS standards the immediate objectives were adapted:
- monitor relevant standards activities in the ITS domain
- attend key meetings of plenary and working groups, strategy groups
- attend other ITS meetings relevant to key applications for Galileo
- monitor Galileo developments, identify standardisation-relevant issues
- prepare recommendations for amendments to standards to accommodate Galileo
- prepare input to standards bodies summarising Galileo system definition and services, identifying possible needs for standards activity.
In addition, begin development of MOPS for receivers in the ITS domain (in parallel with other application domains), this work halted on withdrawal of Thales Navigation.
Maritime
The main objectives identified at the start of the project were as follows:
- Definition of existing maritime standardisation framework for signal in space and user receivers. The purpose was to identify the mechanisms and bodies in charge of standardisation at the international and regional levels.
- Presentation and promotion of Galileo to the maritime community. The purpose was to present the main technical features considered for system design and the corresponding expected performance in relation the IMO requirements for a world-wide radionavigation system (WWRNS).
- To review and provide feedback on the key Galileo definition documents (HLD, MRD).
- Provide maritime input to the common approach work package.
- To support the Galileo standardisation activities within the IMO MSC committee and the NAV sub-committee.
- Provide technical background and preliminary draft documents for:
a. recognition of Galileo as an elements of the WWRNS
b. IMO performance standards for Galileo receivers
c. IEC test standards for Galileo receivers
d. RTCM recommendations and ITU-R technical characteristics for DGNSS receivers and Galileo local elements
e. IEC/NMEA interface standards
- Provide an evaluation of the standardisation process vis-à-vis IMO, IEC, RTCM and ITUR, e.g. strategies and time schedules, with the aim to have a certification infrastructure in place for licensing of Galileo maritime receivers in the early operational phase of Galileo.
During the course of the project it was decided (in consultation with the EC) to include a preliminary evaluation of standardisation needs and processes for recognition and licensing of SAR/Galileo advanced emergency beacons.
Rail
The main objectives pursued by work package 5000 were as follows:
- Identification of standardisation status, standardisation needs, standardisation frame and key issues for using GNSS/Galileo in rail applications with focus on SOL applications.
- Exchange with relevant standardisation bodies (e.g. UIC/ERRI, ERTMS users group) and EC/ESA GNSS rail projects to promote user segment standardisation using Galileo. The introduction of GNSS/Galileo into the ERTMS/ETCS standards was aimed as main standardisation activity.
- Drafting of minimum operational performance standards (MOPS) for user segment equipment using GNSS/Galileo in ERTMS/ETCS.
a. The focus of the work has been stressed on functional and performance requirements of hybridised GNSS/Galileo train location by the midterm review.
b. The key objective of the MOPS is how to get an accepted feasible concept meeting the required performances in the rail SOL applications.
c. The drafting of standardisation document for GNSS/Galileo core receiver was a part of standardisation of user segment equipment. This initial objective was modified during the course of the project to high level requirements on GNSS/Galileo core receiver according to the available inputs and resources.
Presentation of SAGA work results on the GNSS Rail Web Forum and at the relevant meetings as well as collection of feedback and comments from the rail user community on the proposed MOPS.
To review and provide feedback on the key Galileo definition documents (HLD, MRD, etc.) and provide rail inputs to the common approach work package.
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