Objetivo The objective of this demonstration programme was to gather reliable technical and economic information to enable the development of a European biodiesel industry. The activities included technical validation in pre industrial units of new processes in transesterification and experiments on different monitored fleets. The activities were linked to the concepts of generating added value on a national basis, as well as reducing energy dependency. In the case of biodiesel, these are not simple objectives due to the high cost of production and use of fossil fuel in farming and processing of rapeseed. Hence, analysis extended to the wider economic impacts, as well as considerations of the net energy balance. This project shall demonstrate the technical and economical feasibility of producing diesel fuel from indigenous oil crops (Biodiesel) and its introduction into the energy market. The environmental effects of the entire production chain will be studied in detail. A European strategy for implementing this technology at large scale will be designed. The project is oriented according to six main axes: a) Standardization: A set of physico-chemical standard parameters will be worked out mutually as the technical basis for a European standard proposal on: - Rapeseed oil methylester (RME) - RME blended at different ratios with fossil diesel fuel - Natural rapeseed oil, as final quality for specially adopted engines. b) Byproducts: Demo issues for glycerine in animal feed and synthetic chemistry. c) Engine test: will be run with pure RME and different blends of RME and diesel fuel on test bench, dynamometer chassis and in large field test, covering modern engine types as well as special constructions and all major fields of application (transport in general, public and private). d) European Strategy: Defining the systematic approach for large-scale production of biodiesel, including necessary political and industrial action: - At CAP level as far as setaside land for energy is concerned/new market for agriculture. - Decision on taxes, duties and incentives (C02, Sulphur, etc.) implementation of the agricultural and industrial production capacities. e) Environment: Protecting the environment (against pollutants, exhaust gas, greenhouse effect) is of key importance in the development of the biofuel system. Therefore studies will be carried out to assess and minimize the impact on the environment caused by agricultural production, industrial processing and the use of such products. f) Pre-industrial demonstration: elaboration of pre-industrial transesterification units in various environments and according to different processes. The comparison of final results will allow to define the optimal processes to be used for large-scale implementation.The impact of the production and use of rapeseed oil and other esters was assessed through the whole lifecycle of agricultural production and industrial processing, including impact of utilisation, handling and storage, as well as in terms of emissions (CO2, SO2, smoke intensity, etc). The key question related to the feasibility of putting biodiesel production units into operation. This question was approached on the basis of results of micro economic studies at specified sites, a selection and comparison of various technologies, preparation of invitations to tender for pre industrial units and definition of support programmes, as well as a macro economic study of the biofuel industry drafting different possible scenarios in which different scales of infrastructure were applied. In general, the main deciding factors were political.The final reports from several Demonstration projects were presented to National Representatives and others at a symposium held in Paris in March 1996. Reports included that from the European Economic Interest Group (EEIG), known as EUROBIODIESEL, which, when set up, brought together French, German and Italian partners, who were joined in April 1992 by an Irish partner. It was clear that technical problems had been overcome; the main barriers to rapid expansion were economic or customer acceptance; and limits to production areas linked to agreements on animal feed. Where market conditions were favourable, expansion in production was occurring, with the fuel being used in its own right as a diesel substitute, as a blend with diesel or in heating boilers. ADDITIONAL BENEFITS The additional benefits which could be recognised included: reduced dependency on other (imported) protein rich feeds; continued agricultural production on set-aside land; positive impact on the environment (fossil carbon dioxide abatement); and some evidence for decreased pollution in terms of emission quality from engines running on biodiesel. ACTIONS In more detail, the actions undertaken covered specifications for vegetable oil based biofuels in terms of both pure rape oil for adapted engines, as well as for pure esters, on the basis of action already implemented and being financed by Germany. In addition, specifications were drawn up for mixtures of gas oil and methyl esters. Compatibility studies for different materials with esters, as well as toxicity and biodegradability studies, were also completed. BY-PRODUCTS Product price remains a key issue, which, apart from agricultural subsidies and/or tax concessions, is dependent on the marketing and handling of by-products. Studies relating to this crucial area included valorisation of glycerin in animal feeds (dealt with in France) and studies of new industrial applications for glycerin depending on its purity. ENGINE TESTS Engine tests were carried out, both on optimised motors and in the form of long term tests on different types of standard vehicles, including low temperature tests (to 20 degrees C), tests on target captive fleets (public transport, maritime and river transport), emission tests with catalytic converters and investigation of public acceptance. Ámbito científico engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsliquid fuelssocial sciencessociologygovernancetaxationagricultural sciencesagriculture, forestry, and fisheriesagriculturehorticulturevegetable growingengineering and technologyindustrial biotechnologybiomaterialsbiofuelsagricultural sciencesanimal and dairy sciencedomestic animalsanimal husbandryanimal feed Programa(s) FP3-AIR - Specific research and technological development and demonstration programme (EEC) in the field of agriculture and agro-industry, including fisheries, 1990-1994 Tema(s) 500 - Demonstration projects Convocatoria de propuestas Data not available Régimen de financiación DEM - Demonstration contracts Coordinador GEIE Euro Biodiesel Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección 12 avenue George V 75008 Paris Francia Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Participantes (25) Ordenar alfabéticamente Ordenar por aportación de la UE Ampliar todo Contraer todo AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Grecia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Ver en el mapa Enlaces Sitio web Opens in new window Coste total Sin datos ASSOCIATION DE DEVELOPPEMENT DES ENERGIES RENOUVABLES Francia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección CHEMIN DE LA BRETEQUE 76232 BOIS-GUILLAUME Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Associazione Italiana Biomassa Italia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Via Archimede 161 00197 Roma Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Centre Technique Interprofessionnel des Oléagineux Métropolitains (CETIOM) Francia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección 80 avenue Victor Hugo 75116 Paris Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Consorzio Umbria AGREE Italia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Via G Marconi 7 06012 Città di Castello (PG) Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos ERZEUGERGEMEINSCHAFT FÜR QUALITATSRAPS UNTERFRANKEN Alemania Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección FRIEDRICH EBERT RING 32 8700 WÜRZBURG Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos ESSO TECHNOLOGIE ET SERVICES Francia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección 3 RUE DU TRONQUET 76136 MONT-SAINT-AIGNAN Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Ente di Sviluppo Agricolo del Veneto Italia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Santa Croce 1187 30125 Venezia Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos FACHHOCHSCHULE FLENSBURG Alemania Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección KANZLEISTRAßE 91-93 2390 FLENSBURG Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos FOP Francia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección 12 AVENUE GEORGE V 75008 PARIS Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos FORSTHOFER Alemania Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección LANDSHUTER STRAßE 53 8307 ALTHEIM Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Gesellschaft für Entwicklungstechnologie mbH Alemania Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Industriestraße 21 52457 Aldenhoven Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Institut Français du Pétrole Francia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección 1-4 avenue du Bois Préau 92506 Rueil-Malmaison Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) Francia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección 147 rue de l'Université 75341 Paris Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos KIELER VERKEHRS AG Alemania Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección WERFTSTRAßE 233 - 243 2300 KIEL Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos LANDESANSTALT FÜR BETRIEBSWIRTSCHAFT UND AGRARSTRUKTUR Alemania Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección INFANTERIESTRAßE 1 8000 München Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Nova Ol Italia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección 28100 Novara Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Organisation Nationale Interprofessionnelle des Oléagineux Francia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección 12 avenue Georges V 75008 Paris Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Raiffeisen Hauptgenossenschaft Nord AG Alemania Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Werftstraße 218 24143 Kiel Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos SCHILLING KG Alemania Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección BAHNHOFSTRAßE 19 8704 UFFENHEIM Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos SOFIPROTEOL Francia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección 12 AVENUE GEORGE V 75008 PARIS Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Société Robbe Francia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección 60206 Compiègne Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos TECHNISCHER UBERWACHUNGSVEREIN NORDDEUTSCHLAND eV Alemania Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección SEGEBERGER LANDSTRAßE 2B 2300 KIEL Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Union Technique de l'Automobile du Motocycle et du Cycle Francia Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Autodrome de Linas 91310 Monthlhéry Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos Universität Hohenheim Alemania Aportación de la UE Sin datos Dirección Garbenstraße 9 70593 Stuttgart Ver en el mapa Coste total Sin datos
