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How complement molecules kill bacteria

Descripción del proyecto

Destrucción bacteriana: los mecanismos del sistema del complemento

Una de las herramientas más importantes del sistema inmunitario a la hora de deshacerse de las amenazas bacterianas es el sistema del complemento, una compleja red proteica de casi sesenta proteínas presentes en el plasma sanguíneo. Con la ayuda de las convertasas C5, induce la formación del complejo de ataque de membrana que forma poros en la envoltura celular bacteriana provocando la hinchazón y el estallido de las células. Sin embargo, faltaban herramientas para estudiar la actividad de las enzimas y se desconoce gran parte de los mecanismos de este proceso. El equipo del proyecto ComBact, financiado por el Consejo Europeo de Investigación, utilizará su ensayo de la convertasa C5, de reciente creación, junto con las herramientas desarrolladas en el marco del proyecto, para arrojar luz sobre los mecanismos moleculares de la destrucción bacteriana por el sistema del complemento.

Objetivo

This proposal aims to provide insight into how bacteria are killed by the complement system, an important part of the host immune response against bacterial infections. Complement is a large protein network in plasma that labels bacteria for phagocytosis and directly kills them via the formation of a pore-forming complex (Membrane Attack Complex (MAC)). Currently we do not understand how complement activation results in bacterial killing. This knowledge gap is mainly caused by the lack of tools to study the enzymes that trigger MAC formation: the C5 convertases.

In my lab, we recently established a novel assay system for C5 convertases that allows us for the first time to study these enzymes under purified conditions. This model, combined with my expertise in microbiology, places my lab in a unique position to understand C5 convertase biology (Aim 1), determine the enzyme's role in MAC functioning (Aim 2) and elucidate how the MAC kills bacteria (Aim 3). Thus, I aim to provide insight into the molecular events necessary for bacterial killing by the complement system.

I will use biochemical, structural and microbiological approaches to elucidate the precise molecular arrangement of C5 convertases in vitro and on bacterial cells. I will generate unique tools to study how C5 convertases regulate MAC insertion into bacterial membranes. Finally, I will engineer fluorescent bacteria and labeled complement proteins to perform advanced microscopy analyses of how MAC kills bacteria.

These insights will lead to fundamental knowledge about the functioning of complement and will create new avenues for blocking the undesired complement activation during systemic infections and acute inflammatory processes. Furthermore this knowledge will improve desired complement activation by therapeutic antibodies and vaccination strategies in infectious diseases. Finally, this work opens up new possibilities to understand how both humans and bacteria regulate complement.

Régimen de financiación

ERC-STG - Starting Grant

Institución de acogida

UNIVERSITAIR MEDISCH CENTRUM UTRECHT
Aportación neta de la UEn
€ 1 497 290,00
Dirección
HEIDELBERGLAAN 100
3584 CX Utrecht
Países Bajos

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Región
West-Nederland Utrecht Utrecht
Tipo de actividad
Higher or Secondary Education Establishments
Enlaces
Coste total
€ 1 497 290,00

Beneficiarios (1)