Description du projet
Identifier les origines des inégalités en matière de santé
Les inégalités de santé découlent de nombreux environnements, conditions et chocs différents durant l’enfance. Notre compréhension des origines développementales des inégalités dans l’enfance demeure limitée. Ce qui est certain, c’est qu’il existe un besoin pressant de formuler des politiques et des interventions sanitaires préventives pour permettre à nos sociétés d’accéder à un futur juste et en bonne santé. Le projet DEVORHBIOSHIP financé par l’UE étudiera les interactions entre les gènes et les environnements à différents stades de développement, grâce à une combinaison de données de haute qualité, de mesures sensibles, et de stratégies d’identification solides couplées à des techniques économétriques pour les données issues de l’observation et de l’expérimentation. Les résultats auront des implications directes en matière de politiques pour formuler de nouvelles interventions économiques visant à promouvoir la santé.
Objectif
What are the origins of inequalities in health? A recent literature in economics has established causal impacts of early life shocks, investments and policies on lifelong health. However, several unknowns remain. The mechanisms through which shocks, investments, and policies interact are just beginning to be understood. Our knowledge of sensitive periods is imprecise. Little is also known about the impact of shocks and policies across different ages. Commonly used health capital measures, such as birth weight, lack sensitivity and specificity. The interplay between genes and environments in the formation of health inequalities is poorly understood.
To fill these gaps, I will build on insights from my earlier work, and use a combination of high-quality data, more sensitive measures, robust identification strategies and richer models to untangle the complex interactions between biology, shocks, investments and policies.
First, I will investigate causal impacts and mechanisms of two public health policies on child health and development: medical treatments for pregnancy complications and prenatal home visiting programmes. Second, I will examine the effects of two environmental shocks (pollution and influenza) on the formation of early health and human capital, and their interplay with maternal investments in nutrition. Third, I will study interactions between shocks, investments and policies from birth to adulthood, to understand the dynamic interplay between SES and health. Throughout, I will explore their interactions with genetic susceptibility or potential.
I will analyse administrative records, registries linked to survey data, cohort data with biomarkers; and a randomized controlled trial. I will use state-of-the-art econometric techniques for observational and experimental data. My findings will have direct policy implications and will help understand whether and to which extent early life interventions are a cost-effective mean to promote health.
Champ scientifique
- medical and health scienceshealth sciencespublic health
- social scienceseconomics and businesseconomics
- medical and health scienceshealth sciencesinfectious diseasesRNA virusesinfluenza
- medical and health sciencesclinical medicineobstetricsfetal medicine
- medical and health scienceshealth sciencesnutrition
Mots‑clés
Programme(s)
Régime de financement
ERC-COG - Consolidator GrantInstitution d’accueil
WC1E 6BT London
Royaume-Uni