Reducing load consumed by compressor of gas turbine and maximizing turbine mass flow
The main reason for gas turbine air compressor high load consumption is that the compressed air at compressor outlet is superheated. Excess air superheating increases compressor load consumption. Therefore reducing compressor air outlet temperature and pressure safely above steam saturation point before leaving the compressor by injecting high-pressure relatively cold water will reduce compressor load consumption, and will increase gas turbine overall efficiency. The mass of high-pressure water injected into compressor will further increase gas turbine efficiency. Moreover, gas turbine mass flow can be maximized by increasing the temperature of the high-pressure water being injected into the compressor to steam saturation point. This will enable the mass of high-pressure water being injected into compressor to be increased to infinity without de-superheating air. Increase in gas turbine mass flow will further increase gas turbine overall efficiency. The injected high-pressure water is to take place at compressor last stages, that is at compressor superheated zone. For a gas Turbine having the followings:- T1: Compressor-air inlet temperature ⁰K = 283 ⁰K T2: Compressor-air outlet temperature ⁰K = 547 ⁰K P2: compressor air outlet pressure = 12 bar From steam table the following can be extracted: Steam at 12 bar and temperature of (274 ⁰C) = 547 ⁰K is in the superheated zone. Saturation Temperature = 192 ⁰C = 465 ⁰K Degree of Superheat = 547 – 465 = 82 degrees Therefore reducing compressor air outlet temperature by 82 degrees and pressure safely above saturation point before leaving the compressor will reduce compressor load consumption, and will increase gas turbine overall efficiency. The mass of water injected into compressor will further increase gas turbine efficiency. Moreover, gas turbine mass flow can be maximized by increasing the temperature of the high-pressure water being injected into the compressor to 192 ⁰C = 465 ⁰K. This will enable the mass of water being injected into compressor to be increased to infinity without de-superheating it. Increase in gas turbine mass flow will further increase gas turbine overall efficiency. Main advantages of reducing compressor load consumption and maximising gas turbine mass flow invention 1- The invention is specific to De-superheating compressor outlet air to increase gas turbine efficiency. 2- The invention is specific to water injection at compressor last stages only. 3- The invention is to reduce load consumed by compressor of gas turbine by de-superheating compressor outlet air to steam saturation point by injecting high pressure relatively cold water at compressor superheated air zone before outlet. This leads to increase in turbine efficiency. 4- The high pressure relatively cold water injected into the compressor will raise gas turbine mass flow. This will further increase in turbine efficiency. 5- If the injected high pressure relatively cold water temperature increased to steam saturated point, theoretically gas turbine mass flow can be maximizing to infinity. Therefor theoretically gas turbine efficiency can reach infinity. 6- The invention is applicable to all gas turbines utilized for electricity generation and other application. 7- The invention cost is relatively cheap compared to efficiency gained. 8- The invention increases gas turbine exhaust mass flow. This will increase production efficiency of combined cycle attached to gas turbine exhaust. 9- Size of water droplets not an issue, as injected water will evaporate due to compressor outlet high temperature. 10- Gas turbine exhaust emission is reduced, more environmental friend.
Keywords
Countries
Bahrain, Germany