During the panel discussion on synergies, it became clear that the MSCA and the European Universities offer many opportunities for cooperation and can benefit from each other, but that there are also obstacles that need to be removed. On the subject of supervision, it became clear that there is a need for action and that many ambiguities stand in the way of better supervision. The key to good supervision is communication from both sides, with roles and expectations clearly defined. The guidelines for supervision in the MSCA, recently published by the European Commission, are likely to prove extremely helpful in this respect. All the results of the conference can be found in the conference report on the conference website.