Periodic Reporting for period 1 - ForCry (Analysing frozen Foraminifera by Cryostage LA-ICPMS: Neogene CO2, patterns, cycles, and climate sensitivity.)
Reporting period: 2022-06-01 to 2024-11-30
Knowledge of past concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is fundamental to our understanding of earth’s climate: past, present, and future. Ice core records, the international effort to retrieve trapped bubbles of ancient atmosphere, have provided high resolution and high precision data for the last 800,000 years which has revolutionised Earth system science. ForCry, a technique designed by awardee Thomas Chalk will enable the next generation of past climate data to be recovered. Marine sediment records provide the opportunity to recover spatially and temporally excellent data records from modern and past ocean pH conditions (and thus CO2 content). However, to date these records are hampered by labour intensive laboratory techniques limiting throughput, and large sample requirements limiting applicability. Improvement is required to access important questions about our climate such as: ‘what controls the spatial changes in ocean carbon flux which dominate natural climate variability?’, and ‘does climate sensitivity change with background state?’. ForCry enables the increased sensitivity of laser ablation methodology to be realised using tiny samples by freezing them into an essentially contaminant-free ice ‘puck’. This allows analyses to be conducted with a ~10–fold reduction in sample size while maintaining precision. ForCry will explore multiple facets of Earth System Science to expand the use of laser ablation to new fossil archives, while seeking to map ocean pH change in 4 dimensions. The CO2 content will be used to examine the state dependency of climate sensitivity in warmer times of the geological past. ForCry will examine our ocean's role in setting and/or moderating CO2 past present and future at an unprecedented level.
Since the start of the project ForCry we have:
- Installed a new culturing facility at CEREGE and performed a successful proof-of-concept mission collecting live plankton samples in the Mediterranean Sea, this is the first step to the goal of developing continuous culturing of live plankton at CEREGE, and performing calibration and sensitivity experiments fully 'in-house'.
This is in addition to two major cruises carried out in 2022, in the Arctic Ocean, in new partnership with The Arctic University of Tromsø, which have resulted in two publications.
- Worked alongside ESI Scientific to design a custom load-out for out mass spectrometer and laser system.
- The first dedicated ForCry methods paper is in prep and will be ready to submit before the end of 2024.
- Records of sub-orbital scale CO2 variation from multiple locations in the ocean from the Pleistocene (0-2.5 million years ago) are in progress.
- Installed a new culturing facility at CEREGE and performed a successful proof-of-concept mission collecting live plankton samples in the Mediterranean Sea, this is the first step to the goal of developing continuous culturing of live plankton at CEREGE, and performing calibration and sensitivity experiments fully 'in-house'.
This is in addition to two major cruises carried out in 2022, in the Arctic Ocean, in new partnership with The Arctic University of Tromsø, which have resulted in two publications.
- Worked alongside ESI Scientific to design a custom load-out for out mass spectrometer and laser system.
- The first dedicated ForCry methods paper is in prep and will be ready to submit before the end of 2024.
- Records of sub-orbital scale CO2 variation from multiple locations in the ocean from the Pleistocene (0-2.5 million years ago) are in progress.
We are in the process of building and experimental laboratory to push the boundaries enabled by the foundational years of this project.