Project description
Shedding new light on the factors driving macroevolution
Microevolution, including adaptations such as wing colour, happens on a small scale. The changes in gene frequency within a single population can be observed over short periods of time. Macroevolution, or speciation such as the evolution of the dinosaurs, creates divisions in the taxonomic hierarchy. Scientists still do not know what factors drive speciation and extinction on a macroevolutionary scale. The EU-funded MacDrive project will combine statistical, computational, neontological and palaeobiological approaches to study macroevolutionary dynamics. The project will test if diversification rates are correlated with environmental factors or species-specific traits, and if specific traits are correlated with mass extinction probabilities, thereby advancing our understanding of macroevolution.
Objective
Biodiversity is modeled by the process of speciation and extinction. There is clear evidence both from living and extinct species that biodiversity is extremely variable through time and among species. However, we still do not know what factors, e.g. environmental or species intrinsic, drive speciation and extinction rates on a macroevolutionary level. To complicate matters, species diversification models are not identifiable, that is, there are infinitely many combinations of continuous speciation and extinction rate functions that are statistically indistinguishable. First, I will extend previous diversification models to jointly infer time-varying and lineage-specific diversification rates using phylogenies of extinct and extant taxa. Second, I will tackle the non-identifiability problem and explore which patterns, e.g. rapid increases in diversification rates and mass extinctions, can be inferred. Third, I will use a combined paleo-phylogenetic approach and estimate diversification rate from phylogenies with extinct and extant taxa. Thus, I will combine statistical, computational, neontological and paleobiological approaches to study macroevolutionary dynamics. I will produce species-level phylogenies each Carnivora, Cetartiodactyla, Crocodyliformes and Squaliformes using novel morphological datasets and models. I will test if diversification rates are correlated with environmental factors (e.g. CO2 or temperature) or species specific traits (e.g. body size and life history traits). Ultimately, we will test if specific traits are correlated with mass extinction survival probabilities, as for example the Lilliput Effect predicts smaller species to have higher survival probabilities.
Keywords
Programme(s)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Topic(s)
Funding Scheme
HORIZON-ERC - HORIZON ERC GrantsHost institution
80539 MUNCHEN
Germany