In the first 18 months, the foundation has been laid for the more in-depth analysis further in the project, in accordance with the Description of Work. In WP1, the project focused on developing an analytical framework, drawing from three literature reviews, creating simplified models, and formulating the initial concept modelling protocol. This included defining key scenarios, input and output variables, and reporting templates. The simplified models that have been created are described in an open documentation. In WP2, the data infrastructure was established, involving key steps such as common data classifications, the development of a joint data model for consistent data collection and formatting, and the creation of the CIRCOMOD data hub for data sharing. The publicly available database and visualization tools make a major contribution to the dissemination of the project’s results. WP3 and WP4 have concentrated on describing CE options for demand and supply-side interventions based on existing literature that will be used in the model analysis further in the project. Simultaneously, WP5 has focused on enhancing current economic models within the context of CE strategies. Finally, WP7 has been an active workstream of CIRCOMOD focusing on communication, dissemination, and exploitation. CIRCOMOD's findings have been presented on its website and at various conferences. Additionally, CIRCOMOD has interacted with the European Environment Agency (EEA). The project has had as output 2 science-policy workshops, 4 papers published in academic journals, 26 presentations on scientific events, 12 news articles, 5 blog articles and 1 newsletter. Furthermore, the project was pitched at 2 social events/community festival. In addition, the project team members (CML) played a leading role in co-organising the international conference in industrial ecology (ISIE) in Leiden, where many of the consortium partners presented (UU, CML, CMCC, ALU) and had a keynote speech (CML)