Novel 2D Metallenes for High-Performance Potassium Ion Storage

Project Information

2DSb-eneKIB

Grant agreement ID: 101107396

DOI

10.3030/101107396

Project closed

EC signature date 7 April 2023

Start date 1 June 2023

End date 31 May 2025

Funded under

• Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA)

Total cost

No data

EU contribution

€ 215 534,40

Coordinated by

THE PROVOST, FELLOWS, FOUNDATION SCHOLARS & THE OTHER MEMBERS OF BOARD, OF THE COLLEGE OF THE HOLY & UNDIVIDED TRINITY OF QUEEN ELIZABETH NEAR DUBLIN
Ireland

Periodic Reporting for period 1 - 2DSb-eneKIB (Novel 2D Metallenes for High-Performance Potassium Ion Storage)

Reporting period: 2023-06-01 to 2025-05-31

Summary of the context and overall objectives of the project

This project systematically investigated two-dimensional (2D) antimonene (Sb-ene) as an electrode material for potassium-ion storage. Freestanding 2D Sb-ene integrated with carbon nanotubes (2D Sb-ene/CNT) was successfully prepared and characterized. In this project, the electrochemical performance, nanostructural phase transitions, interfacial chemistry, and stress distribution during the operation of potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are systematically elucidated. These findings not only clarify how 2D architectures accommodate large volume changes and maintain mechanical stability but also provide valuable design principles for engineering high-performance, durable, and safe potassium-ion battery (KIB) systems. Beyond KIBs, the results offer a broader framework that can be applied to the development of next-generation electrodes in other emerging energy storage technologies.

Work performed from the beginning of the project to the end of the period covered by the report and main results achieved so far

The project undertook a comprehensive study encompassing material charaterization and characterization, electrochemical evaluation, and mechanistic analysis of two-dimensional (2D) Sb-ene for potassium-ion storage (KIBs). An outstanding electrochemical stability was demonstrated using a non-flammable electrolyte, delivering a high reversible capacity of ~500 mAh g⁻¹ with 94% retention after 200 cycles. The unique 2D architecture of Sb-ene was shown to effectively accommodate the substantial volume expansion associated with potassium insertion, thereby mitigating mechanical stress and preventing structural failure. In addition, the use of a non-flammable electrolyte facilitated the formation of a robust solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), which suppressed continuous electrolyte decomposition and enhanced long-term cycling stability. These findings highlight both the safety and performance advantages of the developed system and provide valuable insights for the design of high-energy, stable KIBs.

Progress beyond the state of the art and expected potential impact (including the socio-economic impact and the wider societal implications of the project so far)

The results obtained in this project deliver both scientific and technological impact. Scientifically, the insights into the electrochemical behavior and nanostructural evolution of 2D Sb-ene under potassium-ion insertion/extraction provide a deeper understanding that can be extended to other battery chemistries, such as sodium-ion and magnesium-ion systems. Technologically, the development of a non-flammable electrolyte offers a versatile strategy applicable to a wide range of high-capacity anode and cathode materials, enhancing both performance and safety. Furthermore, the fabrication method for freestanding electrodes is compatible with other two-dimensional and even three-dimensional materials, broadening its potential for next-generation energy storage devices. Collectively, these advances contribute to the development of safer, high-performance batteries and support the global transition toward sustainable energy systems.

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