WP3 – Established robust collection, sorting, and blockchain traceability for EoL catalysts, batteries, PCBs, and MEAs. TRON-based smart contracts log process events with immutable, on-chain metadata. Collection networks set up via multiple partners, with MONOLITHOS processing >40,000 catalysts/year and securing MEA supply. AIMEN/ENTE developed AI + LIBS sorting and the MetalXtract PCB classification platform. Over 1 t of EoL materials collected and characterised for downstream processes.
WP4 – Optimised pre-treatment of batteries, PCBs, and autocatalysts. ACCUREC dismantled/discharged 76 PHEV modules (750 kg NMC, 250 kg LFP black mass), recovering 79 kWh to the grid. TUBAF improved discharge safety/efficiency; BFC optimised acid leaching (substrates/components); MONOLITHOS refined sorting and thermal cleaning for improved PGM recovery.
WP5 – Demonstrated MW pre-treatment benefits in graphite flotation (92 % grade, 95 % recovery for NMC). MW-assisted leaching achieved 97 % Pt and 98 % Rh recovery from autocatalysts in 30 min; Pt/C electrocatalyst leaching reached Pt 86 %, Ni 95 %. Delivered 1 t of active powders, validated PCB/autocatalyst pre-treatment, and prepared for scale-up.
WP6 – Began early alignment of upstream outputs with downstream purification. Defined industrial benchmarks for fuel cell catalysts (>99.5 % H2PtCl₆, 20–30 wt.% Pt, >50 m²/g ECSA). Designed SX flowsheets for PGM separation, initiated precipitation/electrowinning for Li, Co, Ni, Mn, and Cu recovery.
WP7 – Designed functional architecture for real-time analytics, adaptive modelling, and robotic integration. Built PostgreSQL database with harmonised data standards. Mapped workflows, defined robotic intervention points, and prepared ROS-based control modules for integration with AIMEN conveyor and in-line LIBS/MSI.
WP8 – Defined synthesis and validation protocols for PGM catalysts, batteries, and PCBs. Prepared automotive-level testing for DOCs, autocatalysts, and NMC/LFP pouch cells from recovered materials. Established harmonised ISO-compliant LCA/LCC framework with “Gate-to-Cradle” scope, defined impact categories, and aligned cost structures.