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Beyond Turing: Reaction-diffusion mechanisms of embryonic self-organization

Objective

Developing embryos display a remarkable capacity for self-organization, generating diverse shapes, patterns and structures de novo. First conceived in the 1950s, Turing’s reaction-diffusion hypothesis proposes that this self-organization is driven by interacting and diffusing signalling molecules. Indeed, mathematical Turing models recapitulate patterning in silico. However, key limitations cast doubt on the relevance of Turing models in vivo. First, current models are highly simplified and extremely fragile, at odds with the highly reproducible nature of embryonic development. Second, Turing mechanisms form repetitive patterns (e.g. fingers), whereas many in vivo patterns do not repeat. Third, Turing patterns do not scale with tissue size unlike most embryos and tissues. We propose that these limitations arise because current models are too simple to capture the molecular complexity operating in vivo. Turing models thus represent only a small subset of the much larger class of in vivo reaction-diffusion mechanisms.

Here, we will build biologically-aligned mathematical models to investigate reaction-diffusion systems with unprecedented levels of complexity and biological realism. Aided by new computational tools (Aim 1), we seek novel self-organizing mechanisms that are: highly robust (Aim 2); do not repeat (Aim 3); and scale to tissue size (Aim 4). Our pilot data already indicates that this will reveal new paradigms for pattern formation beyond Turing’s original hypothesis.

Our models will be challenged by data from various biological systems, including published datasets as well as close collaborations with experimentalists, taking advantage of the increasing availability of high-resolution quantitative data. Our unique blend of expertise spans theoretical physics, experimental embryology, and computational biology, ideally positioning us to discover conceptually new mechanisms of pattern formation that allow embryos, tissues and organoids to self-organize.

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Topic(s)

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Funding Scheme

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HORIZON-ERC - HORIZON ERC Grants

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Call for proposal

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(opens in new window) ERC-2024-STG

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Host institution

THE UNIVERSITY COURT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN
Net EU contribution

Net EU financial contribution. The sum of money that the participant receives, deducted by the EU contribution to its linked third party. It considers the distribution of the EU financial contribution between direct beneficiaries of the project and other types of participants, like third-party participants.

€ 1 488 736,00
Address
KING'S COLLEGE REGENT WALK
AB24 3FX Aberdeen
United Kingdom

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Region
Scotland North Eastern Scotland Aberdeen City and Aberdeenshire
Activity type
Higher or Secondary Education Establishments
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Total cost

The total costs incurred by this organisation to participate in the project, including direct and indirect costs. This amount is a subset of the overall project budget.

€ 1 488 736,00

Beneficiaries (1)

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