Project description
The role of sugars in life’s origins
The origin of life on Earth is one of science’s biggest mysteries. While we know that simple organic molecules evolved into complex structures, the details of this transition remain unclear. Much research has focused on nucleic acids and proteins, but sugars have not received enough attention. These essential biomolecules play critical roles in energy, structure and metabolism, yet their contribution to the early development of life is still poorly understood. With this in mind, the ERC-funded Sweet_Evo project aims to delve into this unexplored area. It will investigate how sugars interacted with other biopolymers in early prebiotic chemistry. By creating and studying glycan-containing conjugates, the project seeks to uncover the roles sugars played in the emergence of life’s complex biochemistry.
Objective
Approximately four billion years ago, chemical and geological processes on the ancient Earth caused a continuous increase in the complexity of organic molecules, ultimately leading to RNA, DNA, proteins, polysaccharides, membrane-forming amphipaths, to metabolism and the roots of biology. But how did it all begin? How did chemistry become biology? There are many indications to the starting point, i.e. the huge set of small molecules that existed on early Earth, as well as the end point of chemical evolution - which is the beginning of biology and the first living organisms. In order to unravel the gap of what happened in between, it is crucial to analyze plausible routes to the origin of life. While much effort to date in the context of formation of primordial polymers has focused on the generation of nucleic acids, and to a lesser extent the formation of peptides, the role of sugars in the chemical origins of life has never been investigated - outside the roles of sugars as structural elements of nucleic acids and in metabolism.
Sugars are ubiquitous biomolecules, providing an energy source, taking part in biosynthesis, providing structural support, and even acting as catalysts. Sugars are often found in conjugation with other biomolecules (e.g. glycolipids). I hypothesize that the tightly intertwined biological dependencies of sugars and other biopolymers, and their mutualistic relationships, reflect a long co-evolutionary process. The main goal of this proposal is to bridge the gap from early prebiotic chemistry to today’s complex biochemistry by studying mutually catalytic networks involving sugars. Following our preliminary findings which successfully demonstrated the formation of oligomers composed of sugars and amino acids, my team will generate and characterize a multitude of heterogenous glycan-containing conjugates - and study their emergent assembly and function. This study will furnish a deep understanding of how and why life’s biochemistry emerged.
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
- natural sciences biological sciences biochemistry biomolecules
- natural sciences chemical sciences polymer sciences
- natural sciences chemical sciences catalysis
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Project’s keywords as indicated by the project coordinator. Not to be confused with the EuroSciVoc taxonomy (Fields of science)
Programme(s)
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HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC)
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(opens in new window) ERC-2024-STG
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91904 Jerusalem
Israel
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