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Polytheism and Botany: An Experimental Approach to the Environmental Dimensions of Ancient Greek Religion

Objective

Ancient Greek polytheism was embedded in the botanical environment. Plants served as the foci of cultic activities and as a means of anchoring the presence of a divine power at a particular site. Ancient Greek cities often honored their gods by assigning them botanical names and epithets. Myths connected elements of the landscape to the past actions of gods and heroes, or to the presence of lesser deities. Texts represented gods acting in and through landscapes, interacting with plants, and even having their favorite biotopes.

Textual evidence, both literary and epigraphic, spanning a wide chronological and geographical range, attests to this phenomenon. To date, however, its collection and interpretation have remained unsystematic and largely anchored in outdated interpretive categories. Moreover, while there is a growing interest in the nexus of religion, environment, and ecology, specialists of ancient Greek polytheism have been reluctant to enter the debate. This is all the more paradoxical at a time when many, both inside and outside academia, are looking to ancient Greek culture and religion for models for rethinking our relationship with the environment.

POLYBOTA proposes the first thorough and methodologically up-to-date analysis of the texts that testify to the cultural significance of the vegetal environment in ancient Greek polytheism. At a first level, this study advances our understanding of the importance of plants to ancient Greek literature and religion, as well as our knowledge of the ways in which the ancient Greeks imagined the action of their gods in and through the natural environment. Moreover, POLYBOTA will offer new models for the analysis of the embedding of human cultures in the living environment, and for exploring the relationship between religion and the environment. Lastly, POLYBOTA contributes to the ongoing debate on nature, religion, and ecology, and fosters discussions with specialists in related disciplines and cultural areas.

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HORIZON-ERC - HORIZON ERC Grants

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(opens in new window) ERC-2025-STG

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Host institution

ECOLE PRATIQUE DES HAUTES ETUDES
Net EU contribution

Net EU financial contribution. The sum of money that the participant receives, deducted by the EU contribution to its linked third party. It considers the distribution of the EU financial contribution between direct beneficiaries of the project and other types of participants, like third-party participants.

€ 1 498 105,00
Address
RUE FERRUS 4-14
75014 PARIS
France

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Region
Ile-de-France Ile-de-France Paris
Activity type
Higher or Secondary Education Establishments
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Total cost

The total costs incurred by this organisation to participate in the project, including direct and indirect costs. This amount is a subset of the overall project budget.

€ 1 498 105,00

Beneficiaries (1)

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